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encoded filenames.  The handling of filename codings within \fIunzip\fP falls
back to the behaviour of previous versions.
.TP
.B \-z
include the archive comment (if any) in the listing.
.PD
.\" =========================================================================
.SH "DETAILED DESCRIPTION"
.I zipinfo
has a number of modes, and its behavior can be rather difficult to fathom
if one isn't familiar with Unix \fIls\fP(1) (or even if one is).  The default
behavior is to list files in the following format:
.PP
.X "-rw-rws---  1.9 unx    2802 t- defX 11-Aug-91 13:48 perms.2660"
.PP
The last three fields are the modification date and time of
the file, and its name.  The case of the filename is respected; thus
files that come from MS-DOS PKZIP are always capitalized.  If the file
was zipped with a stored directory name, that is also displayed as part
of the filename.
.PP
The second and third fields indicate that the file was zipped under
Unix with version 1.9 of \fIzip\fP.  Since it comes from Unix, the file
permissions at the beginning of the line are printed in Unix format.
The uncompressed file-size (2802 in this example) is the fourth field.
.PP
The fifth field consists of two characters, either of which may take
on several values.  The first character may be either `t' or `b', indicating
that \fIzip\fP believes the file to be text or binary, respectively;
but if the file is encrypted, \fIzipinfo\fP
notes this fact by capitalizing the character (`T' or `B').  The second
character may also take on four values, depending on whether there is
an extended local header and/or an ``extra field'' associated with the
file (fully explained in PKWare's APPNOTE.TXT, but basically analogous to
pragmas in ANSI C--i.e., they provide a standard way to include non-standard
information in the archive).  If neither exists, the character
will be a hyphen (`\-'); if there is an extended local header but no extra
field, `l'; if the reverse, `x'; and if both exist, `X'.  Thus the
file in this example is (probably) a text file, is not encrypted, and
has neither an extra field nor an extended local header associated with it.
The example below, on the other hand, is an encrypted binary file with an
extra field:
.PP
.X "RWD,R,R     0.9 vms     168 Bx shrk  9-Aug-91 19:15 perms.0644"
.PP
Extra fields are used for various purposes (see discussion of the \fB\-v\fP
option below) including the storage of VMS file attributes, which is
presumably the case here.  Note that the file attributes are listed in
VMS format.  Some other possibilities for the host operating system (which
is actually a misnomer--host file system is more correct) include
OS/2 or NT with High Performance File System (HPFS), MS-DOS, OS/2 or NT
with File Allocation Table (FAT) file system, and Macintosh.  These are
denoted as follows:
.PP
.X "-rw-a--     1.0 hpf    5358 Tl i4:3  4-Dec-91 11:33 longfilename.hpfs"
.X "-r--ahs     1.1 fat    4096 b- i4:2 14-Jul-91 12:58 EA DATA. SF"
.X "--w-------  1.0 mac   17357 bx i8:2  4-May-92 04:02 unzip.macr"
.PP
File attributes in the first two cases are indicated in a Unix-like format,
where the seven subfields indicate whether the file:  (1) is a directory,
(2) is readable (always true), (3) is writable, (4) is executable (guessed
on the basis of the extension--\fI.exe\fP, \fI.com\fP, \fI.bat\fP, \fI.cmd\fP
and \fI.btm\fP files are assumed to be so), (5) has its archive bit set,
(6) is hidden, and (7) is a system file.  Interpretation of Macintosh file
attributes is unreliable because some Macintosh archivers don't store any
attributes in the archive.
.PP
Finally, the sixth field indicates
the compression method and possible sub-method used.  There are six methods
known at present:  storing (no compression), reducing, shrinking, imploding,
tokenizing (never publicly released), and deflating.  In addition, there are
four levels of reducing (1 through 4); four types of imploding (4K or 8K
sliding dictionary, and 2 or 3 Shannon-Fano trees); and four levels of
deflating (superfast, fast, normal, maximum compression).  \fIzipinfo\fP
represents these methods and their sub-methods as follows:  \fIstor\fP;
\fIre:1\fP, \fIre:2\fP, etc.; \fIshrk\fP; \fIi4:2\fP, \fIi8:3\fP, etc.;
\fItokn\fP; and \fIdefS\fP, \fIdefF\fP, \fIdefN\fP, and \fIdefX\fP.
.PP
The medium and long listings are almost identical to the short format except
that they add information on the file's compression.  The medium format lists
the file's compression factor as a percentage indicating the amount of space
that has been ``removed'':
.PP
.X "-rw-rws---  1.5 unx    2802 t- 81% defX 11-Aug-91 13:48 perms.2660"
.PP
In this example, the file has been compressed by more than a factor of
five; the compressed data are only 19% of the original size.  The long
format gives the compressed file's size in bytes, instead:
.PP
.X "-rw-rws---  1.5 unx    2802 t-     538 defX 11-Aug-91 13:48 perms.2660"
.PP
In contrast to the \fIunzip\fP listings, the compressed size figures in
this listing format denote the complete size of compressed data, including
the 12 extra header bytes in case of encrypted entries.
.PP
Adding the \fB\-T\fP option changes the file date and time to decimal
format:
.PP
.X "-rw-rws---  1.5 unx    2802 t-     538 defX 910811.134804 perms.2660"
.PP
Note that because of limitations in the MS-DOS format used to store file
times, the seconds field is always rounded to the nearest even second.
For Unix files this is expected to change in the next major releases of
\fIzip\fP(1L) and \fIunzip\fP.
.PP
In addition to individual file information, a default zipfile listing
also includes header and trailer lines:
.PP
.X "Archive:  OS2.zip   5453 bytes   5 files"
.X ",,rw,       1.0 hpf     730 b- i4:3 26-Jun-92 23:40 Contents"
.X ",,rw,       1.0 hpf    3710 b- i4:3 26-Jun-92 23:33 makefile.os2"
.X ",,rw,       1.0 hpf    8753 b- i8:3 26-Jun-92 15:29 os2unzip.c"
.X ",,rw,       1.0 hpf      98 b- stor 21-Aug-91 15:34 unzip.def"
.X ",,rw,       1.0 hpf      95 b- stor 21-Aug-91 17:51 zipinfo.def"
.X "5 files, 13386 bytes uncompressed, 4951 bytes compressed:  63.0%"
.PP
The header line gives the name of the archive, its total size, and the
total number of files; the trailer gives the number of files listed,
their total uncompressed size, and their total compressed size (not
including any of \fIzip\fP's internal overhead).  If, however, one or
more \fIfile(s)\fP are provided, the header and trailer lines are