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t/cpan/Mojo2/UserAgent.pm  view on Meta::CPAN 

package Mojo2::UserAgent;
use Mojo::Base 'Mojo::EventEmitter';

# "Fry: Since when is the Internet about robbing people of their privacy?
#  Bender: August 6, 1991."
use Mojo::IOLoop;
use Mojo::Promise;
use Mojo::Util qw(monkey_patch term_escape);
use Mojo::UserAgent::CookieJar;
use Mojo::UserAgent::Proxy;
use Mojo::UserAgent::Server;
use Mojo::UserAgent::Transactor;
use Scalar::Util qw(weaken);

use constant DEBUG => $ENV{MOJO_CLIENT_DEBUG} || 0;

has ca                 => sub { $ENV{MOJO_CA_FILE} };
has cert               => sub { $ENV{MOJO_CERT_FILE} };
has connect_timeout    => sub { $ENV{MOJO_CONNECT_TIMEOUT} || 10 };
has cookie_jar         => sub { Mojo::UserAgent::CookieJar->new };
has inactivity_timeout => sub { $ENV{MOJO_INACTIVITY_TIMEOUT} // 40 };
has insecure           => sub { $ENV{MOJO_INSECURE} };
has 'max_response_size';
has ioloop          => sub { Mojo::IOLoop->new };
has key             => sub { $ENV{MOJO_KEY_FILE} };
has max_connections => 5;
has max_redirects   => sub { $ENV{MOJO_MAX_REDIRECTS} || 0 };
has proxy           => sub { Mojo::UserAgent::Proxy->new };
has request_timeout => sub { $ENV{MOJO_REQUEST_TIMEOUT} // 0 };
has server => sub { Mojo::UserAgent::Server->new( ioloop => shift->ioloop ) };
has socket_options => sub { {} };
has transactor     => sub { Mojo::UserAgent::Transactor->new };

# Common HTTP methods
for my $name ( qw(DELETE GET HEAD OPTIONS PATCH POST PUT) ) {
    monkey_patch __PACKAGE__, lc $name, sub {
        my ( $self, $cb ) = ( shift, ref $_[-1] eq 'CODE' ? pop : undef );
        return $self->start( $self->build_tx( $name, @_ ), $cb );
    };
    monkey_patch __PACKAGE__, lc( $name ) . '_p', sub {
        my $self = shift;
        return $self->start_p( $self->build_tx( $name, @_ ) );
    };
}

sub DESTROY { shift->_cleanup unless ${^GLOBAL_PHASE} eq 'DESTRUCT' }

sub build_tx           { shift->transactor->tx( @_ ) }
sub build_websocket_tx { shift->transactor->websocket( @_ ) }

sub start {
    my ( $self, $tx, $cb ) = @_;

    # Fork-safety
    $self->_cleanup->server->restart if $self->{pid} && $self->{pid} ne $$;
    $self->{pid} //= $$;

    # Non-blocking
    if ( $cb ) {
        warn "-- Non-blocking request (@{[_url($tx)]})\n" if DEBUG;
        return $self->_start( Mojo::IOLoop->singleton, $tx, $cb );
    }

    # Blocking
    warn "-- Blocking request (@{[_url($tx)]})\n" if DEBUG;
    $self->_start( $self->ioloop,
        $tx => sub { shift->ioloop->stop; $tx = shift } );
    $self->ioloop->start;

    return $tx;
}

sub start_p {
    my ( $self, $tx ) = @_;
    my $promise = Mojo::Promise->new;
    $self->start( $tx => sub { shift->transactor->promisify( $promise, shift ) }
    );
    return $promise;
}

sub websocket {
    my ( $self, $cb ) = ( shift, pop );
    $self->start( $self->build_websocket_tx( @_ ), $cb );
}

sub websocket_p {
    my $self = shift;
    return $self->start_p( $self->build_websocket_tx( @_ ) );
}

sub _cleanup {
    my $self = shift;
    delete $self->{pid};
    $self->_finish( $_, 1 ) for keys %{ $self->{connections} // {} };
    return $self;

t/cpan/Mojo2/UserAgent.pm  view on Meta::CPAN 

    # Allow test servers sharing the same event loop to clean up connections
    !$loop->next_tick( sub { } ) and $loop->one_tick unless $loop->is_running;
    return undef unless my $id = $self->_connection( $loop, $tx, $cb );

    if ( my $t = $self->request_timeout ) {
        weaken $self;
        $self->{connections}{$id}{timeout} ||=
          $loop->timer( $t => sub { $self->_error( $id, 'Request timeout' ) } );
    }

    return $id;
}

sub _url { shift->req->url->to_abs }

sub _write {
    my ( $self, $id ) = @_;

    # Protect from resume event recursion
    my $c = $self->{connections}{$id};
    return if !( my $tx = $c->{tx} ) || $c->{writing};
    local $c->{writing} = 1;
    my $chunk = $tx->client_write;
    warn term_escape "-- Client >>> Server (@{[_url($tx)]})\n$chunk\n" if DEBUG;
    return unless length $chunk;

    weaken $self;
    $c->{ioloop}->stream( $id )
      ->write( $chunk => sub { $self && $self->_write( $id ) } );
}

1;

=encoding utf8

=head1 NAME

Mojo::UserAgent - Non-blocking I/O HTTP and WebSocket user agent

=head1 SYNOPSIS

  use Mojo::UserAgent;

  # Fine grained response handling (dies on connection errors)
  my $ua  = Mojo::UserAgent->new;
  my $res = $ua->get('docs.mojolicious.org')->result;
  if    ($res->is_success)  { say $res->body }
  elsif ($res->is_error)    { say $res->message }
  elsif ($res->code == 301) { say $res->headers->location }
  else                      { say 'Whatever...' }

  # Say hello to the Unicode snowman and include an Accept header
  say $ua->get('www.☃.net?hello=there' => {Accept => '*/*'})->result->body;

  # Extract data from HTML and XML resources with CSS selectors
  say $ua->get('www.perl.org')->result->dom->at('title')->text;

  # Scrape the latest headlines from a news site
  say $ua->get('blogs.perl.org')->result->dom->find('h2 > a')->map('text')->join("\n");

  # IPv6 PUT request with Content-Type header and content
  my $tx = $ua->put('[::1]:3000' => {'Content-Type' => 'text/plain'} => 'Hi!');

  # Quick JSON API request with Basic authentication
  my $url = Mojo::URL->new('https://example.com/test.json')->userinfo('sri:☃');
  my $value = $ua->get($url)->result->json;

  # JSON POST (application/json) with TLS certificate authentication
  my $tx = $ua->cert('tls.crt')->key('tls.key')->post('https://example.com' => json => {top => 'secret'});

  # Form POST (application/x-www-form-urlencoded)
  my $tx = $ua->post('https://metacpan.org/search' => form => {q => 'mojo'});

  # Search DuckDuckGo anonymously through Tor
  $ua->proxy->http('socks://127.0.0.1:9050');
  say $ua->get('api.3g2upl4pq6kufc4m.onion/?q=mojolicious&format=json')->result->json('/Abstract');

  # GET request via UNIX domain socket "/tmp/myapp.sock" (percent encoded slash)
  say $ua->get('http+unix://%2Ftmp%2Fmyapp.sock/test')->result->body;

  # Follow redirects to download Mojolicious from GitHub
  $ua->max_redirects(5)
    ->get('https://www.github.com/mojolicious/mojo/tarball/main')
    ->result->save_to('/home/sri/mojo.tar.gz');

  # Non-blocking request
  $ua->get('mojolicious.org' => sub ($ua, $tx) { say $tx->result->dom->at('title')->text });
  Mojo::IOLoop->start unless Mojo::IOLoop->is_running;

  # Concurrent non-blocking requests (synchronized with promises)
  my $mojo_promise = $ua->get_p('mojolicious.org');
  my $cpan_promise = $ua->get_p('cpan.org');
  Mojo::Promise->all($mojo_promise, $cpan_promise)->then(sub ($mojo, $cpan) {
    say $mojo->[0]->result->dom->at('title')->text;
    say $cpan->[0]->result->dom->at('title')->text;
  })->wait;

  # WebSocket connection sending and receiving JSON via UNIX domain socket
  $ua->websocket('ws+unix://%2Ftmp%2Fmyapp.sock/echo.json' => sub ($ua, $tx) {
    say 'WebSocket handshake failed!' and return unless $tx->is_websocket;
    $tx->on(json => sub ($tx, $hash) {
      say "WebSocket message via JSON: $hash->{msg}";
      $tx->finish;
    });
    $tx->send({json => {msg => 'Hello World!'}});
  });
  Mojo::IOLoop->start unless Mojo::IOLoop->is_running;

=head1 DESCRIPTION

L<Mojo::UserAgent> is a full featured non-blocking I/O HTTP and WebSocket user agent, with IPv6, TLS, SNI, IDNA,
HTTP/SOCKS5 proxy, UNIX domain socket, Comet (long polling), Promises/A+, keep-alive, connection pooling, timeout,
cookie, multipart, gzip compression and multiple event loop support.

All connections will be reset automatically if a new process has been forked, this allows multiple processes to share
the same L<Mojo::UserAgent> object safely.

For better scalability (epoll, kqueue) and to provide non-blocking name resolution, SOCKS5 as well as TLS support, the
optional modules L<EV> (4.32+), L<Net::DNS::Native> (0.15+), L<IO::Socket::Socks> (0.64+) and L<IO::Socket::SSL>
(2.009+) will be used automatically if possible. Individual features can also be disabled with the C<MOJO_NO_NNR>,
C<MOJO_NO_SOCKS> and C<MOJO_NO_TLS> environment variables.

t/cpan/Mojo2/UserAgent.pm  view on Meta::CPAN 

  $ua         = $ua->request_timeout(5);

Maximum amount of time in seconds establishing a connection, sending the request and receiving a whole response may
take before getting canceled, defaults to the value of the C<MOJO_REQUEST_TIMEOUT> environment variable or C<0>.
Setting the value to C<0> will allow the user agent to wait indefinitely. The timeout will reset for every followed
redirect.

  # Total limit of 5 seconds, of which 3 seconds may be spent connecting
  $ua->max_redirects(0)->connect_timeout(3)->request_timeout(5);

=head2 server

  my $server = $ua->server;
  $ua        = $ua->server(Mojo::UserAgent::Server->new);

Application server relative URLs will be processed with, defaults to a L<Mojo::UserAgent::Server> object.

  # Mock web service
  $ua->server->app(Mojolicious->new);
  $ua->server->app->routes->get('/time' => sub ($c) {
    $c->render(json => {now => time});
  });
  my $time = $ua->get('/time')->result->json->{now};

  # Change log level
  $ua->server->app->log->level('fatal');

  # Port currently used for processing relative URLs blocking
  say $ua->server->url->port;

  # Port currently used for processing relative URLs non-blocking
  say $ua->server->nb_url->port;

=head2 socket_options

  my $options = $ua->socket_options;
  $ua         = $ua->socket_options({LocalAddr => '127.0.0.1'});

Additional options for L<IO::Socket::IP> when opening new connections.

=head2 transactor

  my $t = $ua->transactor;
  $ua   = $ua->transactor(Mojo::UserAgent::Transactor->new);

Transaction builder, defaults to a L<Mojo::UserAgent::Transactor> object.

  # Change name of user agent
  $ua->transactor->name('MyUA 1.0');

  # Disable compression
  $ua->transactor->compressed(0);

=head1 METHODS

L<Mojo::UserAgent> inherits all methods from L<Mojo::EventEmitter> and implements the following new ones.

=head2 build_tx

  my $tx = $ua->build_tx(GET => 'example.com');
  my $tx = $ua->build_tx(PUT => 'http://example.com' => {Accept => '*/*'} => 'Content!');
  my $tx = $ua->build_tx(PUT => 'http://example.com' => {Accept => '*/*'} => form => {a => 'b'});
  my $tx = $ua->build_tx(PUT => 'http://example.com' => {Accept => '*/*'} => json => {a => 'b'});

Generate L<Mojo::Transaction::HTTP> object with L<Mojo::UserAgent::Transactor/"tx">.

  # Request with custom cookie
  my $tx = $ua->build_tx(GET => 'https://example.com/account');
  $tx->req->cookies({name => 'user', value => 'sri'});
  $tx = $ua->start($tx);

  # Deactivate gzip compression
  my $tx = $ua->build_tx(GET => 'example.com');
  $tx->req->headers->remove('Accept-Encoding');
  $tx = $ua->start($tx);

  # Interrupt response by raising an error
  my $tx = $ua->build_tx(GET => 'http://example.com');
  $tx->res->on(progress => sub ($res) {
    return unless my $server = $res->headers->server;
    $res->error({message => 'Oh noes, it is IIS!'}) if $server =~ /IIS/;
  });
  $tx = $ua->start($tx);

=head2 build_websocket_tx

  my $tx = $ua->build_websocket_tx('ws://example.com');
  my $tx = $ua->build_websocket_tx( 'ws://example.com' => {DNT => 1} => ['v1.proto']);

Generate L<Mojo::Transaction::HTTP> object with L<Mojo::UserAgent::Transactor/"websocket">.

  # Custom WebSocket handshake with cookie
  my $tx = $ua->build_websocket_tx('wss://example.com/echo');
  $tx->req->cookies({name => 'user', value => 'sri'});
  $ua->start($tx => sub ($ua, $tx) {
    say 'WebSocket handshake failed!' and return unless $tx->is_websocket;
    $tx->on(message => sub ($tx, $msg) {
      say "WebSocket message: $msg";
      $tx->finish;
    });
    $tx->send('Hi!');
  });
  Mojo::IOLoop->start unless Mojo::IOLoop->is_running;

=head2 delete

  my $tx = $ua->delete('example.com');
  my $tx = $ua->delete('http://example.com' => {Accept => '*/*'} => 'Content!');
  my $tx = $ua->delete('http://example.com' => {Accept => '*/*'} => form => {a => 'b'});
  my $tx = $ua->delete('http://example.com' => {Accept => '*/*'} => json => {a => 'b'});

Perform blocking C<DELETE> request and return resulting L<Mojo::Transaction::HTTP> object, takes the same arguments as
L<Mojo::UserAgent::Transactor/"tx"> (except for the C<DELETE> method, which is implied). You can also append a callback
to perform requests non-blocking.

  $ua->delete('http://example.com' => json => {a => 'b'} => sub ($ua, $tx) { say $tx->result->body });
  Mojo::IOLoop->start unless Mojo::IOLoop->is_running;

=head2 delete_p

  my $promise = $ua->delete_p('http://example.com');

Same as L</"delete">, but performs all requests non-blocking and returns a L<Mojo::Promise> object instead of accepting

t/cpan/Mojo2/UserAgent.pm  view on Meta::CPAN 


  my $tx = $ua->patch('example.com');
  my $tx = $ua->patch('http://example.com' => {Accept => '*/*'} => 'Content!');
  my $tx = $ua->patch('http://example.com' => {Accept => '*/*'} => form => {a => 'b'});
  my $tx = $ua->patch('http://example.com' => {Accept => '*/*'} => json => {a => 'b'});

Perform blocking C<PATCH> request and return resulting L<Mojo::Transaction::HTTP> object, takes the same arguments as
L<Mojo::UserAgent::Transactor/"tx"> (except for the C<PATCH> method, which is implied). You can also append a callback
to perform requests non-blocking.

  $ua->patch('http://example.com' => json => {a => 'b'} => sub ($ua, $tx) { say $tx->result->body });
  Mojo::IOLoop->start unless Mojo::IOLoop->is_running;

=head2 patch_p

  my $promise = $ua->patch_p('http://example.com');

Same as L</"patch">, but performs all requests non-blocking and returns a L<Mojo::Promise> object instead of accepting
a callback.

  $ua->patch_p('http://example.com' => json => {a => 'b'})->then(sub ($tx) {
    say $tx->result->body;
  })->catch(sub ($err) {
    warn "Connection error: $err";
  })->wait;

=head2 post

  my $tx = $ua->post('example.com');
  my $tx = $ua->post('http://example.com' => {Accept => '*/*'} => 'Content!');
  my $tx = $ua->post('http://example.com' => {Accept => '*/*'} => form => {a => 'b'});
  my $tx = $ua->post('http://example.com' => {Accept => '*/*'} => json => {a => 'b'});

Perform blocking C<POST> request and return resulting L<Mojo::Transaction::HTTP> object, takes the same arguments as
L<Mojo::UserAgent::Transactor/"tx"> (except for the C<POST> method, which is implied). You can also append a callback
to perform requests non-blocking.

  $ua->post('http://example.com' => json => {a => 'b'} => sub ($ua, $tx) { say $tx->result->body });
  Mojo::IOLoop->start unless Mojo::IOLoop->is_running;

=head2 post_p

  my $promise = $ua->post_p('http://example.com');

Same as L</"post">, but performs all requests non-blocking and returns a L<Mojo::Promise> object instead of accepting a
callback.

  $ua->post_p('http://example.com' => json => {a => 'b'})->then(sub ($tx) {
    say $tx->result->body;
  })->catch(sub ($err) {
    warn "Connection error: $err";
  })->wait;

=head2 put

  my $tx = $ua->put('example.com');
  my $tx = $ua->put('http://example.com' => {Accept => '*/*'} => 'Content!');
  my $tx = $ua->put('http://example.com' => {Accept => '*/*'} => form => {a => 'b'});
  my $tx = $ua->put('http://example.com' => {Accept => '*/*'} => json => {a => 'b'});

Perform blocking C<PUT> request and return resulting L<Mojo::Transaction::HTTP> object, takes the same arguments as
L<Mojo::UserAgent::Transactor/"tx"> (except for the C<PUT> method, which is implied). You can also append a callback to
perform requests non-blocking.

  $ua->put('http://example.com' => json => {a => 'b'} => sub ($ua, $tx) { say $tx->result->body });
  Mojo::IOLoop->start unless Mojo::IOLoop->is_running;

=head2 put_p

  my $promise = $ua->put_p('http://example.com');

Same as L</"put">, but performs all requests non-blocking and returns a L<Mojo::Promise> object instead of accepting a
callback.

  $ua->put_p('http://example.com' => json => {a => 'b'})->then(sub ($tx) {
    say $tx->result->body;
  })->catch(sub ($err) {
    warn "Connection error: $err";
  })->wait;

=head2 start

  my $tx = $ua->start(Mojo::Transaction::HTTP->new);

Perform blocking request for a custom L<Mojo::Transaction::HTTP> object, which can be prepared manually or with
L</"build_tx">. You can also append a callback to perform requests non-blocking.

  my $tx = $ua->build_tx(GET => 'http://example.com');
  $ua->start($tx => sub ($ua, $tx) { say $tx->result->body });
  Mojo::IOLoop->start unless Mojo::IOLoop->is_running;

=head2 start_p

  my $promise = $ua->start_p(Mojo::Transaction::HTTP->new);

Same as L</"start">, but performs all requests non-blocking and returns a L<Mojo::Promise> object instead of accepting
a callback.

  my $tx = $ua->build_tx(GET => 'http://example.com');
  $ua->start_p($tx)->then(sub ($tx) {
    say $tx->result->body;
  })->catch(sub ($err) {
    warn "Connection error: $err";
  })->wait;

=head2 websocket

  $ua->websocket('ws://example.com' => sub {...});
  $ua->websocket('ws://example.com' => {DNT => 1} => ['v1.proto'] => sub {...});

Open a non-blocking WebSocket connection with transparent handshake, takes the same arguments as
L<Mojo::UserAgent::Transactor/"websocket">. The callback will receive either a L<Mojo::Transaction::WebSocket> or
L<Mojo::Transaction::HTTP> object, depending on if the handshake was successful.

  $ua->websocket('wss://example.com/echo' => ['v1.proto'] => sub ($ua, $tx) {
    say 'WebSocket handshake failed!' and return unless $tx->is_websocket;
    say 'Subprotocol negotiation failed!' and return unless $tx->protocol;
    $tx->on(finish => sub ($tx, $code, $reason) { say "WebSocket closed with status $code." });
    $tx->on(message => sub ($tx, $msg) {
      say "WebSocket message: $msg";
      $tx->finish;
    });



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