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  /* these use wd + ptr1, but are emulated */
  EIO_REALPATH,
  EIO_READDIR,

  /* all the following requests use wd + ptr1 as path in xxxat functions */
  EIO_OPEN,
  EIO_STAT, EIO_LSTAT, EIO_STATVFS,
  EIO_TRUNCATE,
  EIO_UTIME,
  EIO_CHMOD,
  EIO_CHOWN,
  EIO_UNLINK, EIO_RMDIR, EIO_MKDIR, EIO_RENAME,
  EIO_MKNOD,
  EIO_LINK, EIO_SYMLINK, EIO_READLINK,
  EIO_SLURP, /* open + read + close */

  EIO_REQ_TYPE_NUM
};

/* seek whence modes */
/* these are guaranteed to hasve the traditional 0, 1, 2 values, */
/* so you might as wlel use those */
enum
{
  EIO_SEEK_SET = 0,
  EIO_SEEK_CUR = 1,
  EIO_SEEK_END = 2
};


/* mlockall constants */
enum
{
  EIO_MCL_CURRENT = 1,
  EIO_MCL_FUTURE  = 2,
  EIO_MCL_ONFAULT = 4
};

/* request priorities */

enum {
  EIO_PRI_MIN     = -4,
  EIO_PRI_MAX     =  4,
  EIO_PRI_DEFAULT =  0
};

/* eio request structure */
/* this structure is mostly read-only */
/* when initialising it, all members must be zero-initialised */
struct eio_req
{
  eio_req volatile *next; /* private ETP */

  eio_wd wd;       /* all applicable requests: working directory of pathname, old name; wd_open: return wd */

  eio_ssize_t result;  /* result of syscall, e.g. result = read (... */
  off_t offs;      /* read, write, truncate, readahead, sync_file_range, fallocate, slurp: file offset, mknod: dev_t */
  size_t size;     /* read, write, readahead, sendfile, msync, mlock, sync_file_range, fallocate, slurp: length */
  void *ptr1;      /* all applicable requests: pathname, old name, readdir: optional eio_dirents */
  void *ptr2;      /* all applicable requests: new name or memory buffer; readdir: name strings */
  eio_tstamp nv1;  /* utime, futime: atime; busy: sleep time */
  eio_tstamp nv2;  /* utime, futime: mtime */

  int int1;        /* all applicable requests: file descriptor; sendfile: output fd; open, msync, mlockall, readdir: flags */
  long int2;       /* chown, fchown: uid; sendfile: input fd; open, chmod, mkdir, mknod: file mode, seek: whence, fcntl, ioctl: request, sync_file_range, fallocate, rename: flags */
  long int3;       /* chown, fchown: gid; rename, link: working directory of new name */
  int errorno;     /* errno value on syscall return */

  unsigned char flags; /* private */

  signed char type;/* EIO_xxx constant ETP */
  signed char pri;     /* the priority ETP */
#if __i386 || __amd64
  unsigned char cancelled; /* ETP */
#else
  sig_atomic_t  cancelled; /* ETP */
#endif

  void *data;
  eio_cb finish;
  void (*destroy)(eio_req *req); /* called when request no longer needed */
  void (*feed)(eio_req *req);    /* only used for group requests */

  EIO_REQ_MEMBERS

  eio_req *grp, *grp_prev, *grp_next, *grp_first; /* private ETP */
};

/* _private_ request flags */
enum {
  EIO_FLAG_PTR1_FREE = 0x01, /* need to free(ptr1) */
  EIO_FLAG_PTR2_FREE = 0x02, /* need to free(ptr2) */
};

/* undocumented/unsupported/private helper */
/*void eio_page_align (void **addr, size_t *length);*/

/* returns < 0 on error, errno set
 * need_poll, if non-zero, will be called when results are available
 * and eio_poll_cb needs to be invoked (it MUST NOT call eio_poll_cb itself).
 * done_poll is called when the need to poll is gone.
 */
int eio_init (void (*want_poll)(void), void (*done_poll)(void));

/* must be called regularly to handle pending requests */
/* returns 0 if all requests were handled, -1 if not, or the value of EIO_FINISH if != 0 */
int eio_poll (void);

/* stop polling if poll took longer than duration seconds */
void eio_set_max_poll_time (eio_tstamp nseconds);
/* do not handle more then count requests in one call to eio_poll_cb */
void eio_set_max_poll_reqs (unsigned int nreqs);

/* set minimum required number
 * maximum wanted number
 * or maximum idle number of threads */
void eio_set_min_parallel (unsigned int nthreads);
void eio_set_max_parallel (unsigned int nthreads);
void eio_set_max_idle     (unsigned int nthreads);
void eio_set_idle_timeout (unsigned int seconds);

unsigned int eio_nreqs    (void); /* number of requests in-flight */
unsigned int eio_nready   (void); /* number of not-yet handled requests */
unsigned int eio_npending (void); /* number of finished but unhandled requests */
unsigned int eio_nthreads (void); /* number of worker threads in use currently */

/*****************************************************************************/
/* convenience wrappers */
/* these do not expose advanced syscalls and directory fds */

#ifndef EIO_NO_WRAPPERS
eio_req *eio_wd_open   (const char *path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data); /* result=wd */
eio_req *eio_wd_close  (eio_wd wd, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_nop       (int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data); /* does nothing except go through the whole process */
eio_req *eio_busy      (eio_tstamp delay, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data); /* ties a thread for this long, simulating busyness */
eio_req *eio_sync      (int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_fsync     (int fd, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_fdatasync (int fd, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_syncfs    (int fd, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_msync     (void *addr, size_t length, int flags, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_mtouch    (void *addr, size_t length, int flags, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_mlock     (void *addr, size_t length, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_mlockall  (int flags, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_sync_file_range (int fd, off_t offset, size_t nbytes, unsigned int flags, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_fallocate (int fd, int mode, off_t offset, size_t len, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_close     (int fd, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_readahead (int fd, off_t offset, size_t length, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_seek      (int fd, off_t offset, int whence, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_read      (int fd, void *buf, size_t length, off_t offset, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_write     (int fd, void *buf, size_t length, off_t offset, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_fcntl     (int fd, int cmd, void *arg, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_ioctl     (int fd, unsigned long request, void *buf, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_fstat     (int fd, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data); /* stat buffer=ptr2 allocated dynamically */
eio_req *eio_fstatvfs  (int fd, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data); /* stat buffer=ptr2 allocated dynamically */
eio_req *eio_futime    (int fd, eio_tstamp atime, eio_tstamp mtime, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_ftruncate (int fd, off_t offset, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_fchmod    (int fd, mode_t mode, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_fchown    (int fd, eio_uid_t uid, eio_gid_t gid, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_dup2      (int fd, int fd2, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_sendfile  (int out_fd, int in_fd, off_t in_offset, size_t length, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_open      (const char *path, int flags, mode_t mode, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_utime     (const char *path, eio_tstamp atime, eio_tstamp mtime, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_truncate  (const char *path, off_t offset, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_chown     (const char *path, eio_uid_t uid, eio_gid_t gid, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_chmod     (const char *path, mode_t mode, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_mkdir     (const char *path, mode_t mode, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_readdir   (const char *path, int flags, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data); /* result=ptr2 allocated dynamically */
eio_req *eio_rmdir     (const char *path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_unlink    (const char *path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_readlink  (const char *path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data); /* result=ptr2 allocated dynamically */
eio_req *eio_realpath  (const char *path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data); /* result=ptr2 allocated dynamically */
eio_req *eio_stat      (const char *path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data); /* stat buffer=ptr2 allocated dynamically */
eio_req *eio_lstat     (const char *path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data); /* stat buffer=ptr2 allocated dynamically */
eio_req *eio_statvfs   (const char *path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data); /* stat buffer=ptr2 allocated dynamically */
eio_req *eio_mknod     (const char *path, mode_t mode, dev_t dev, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_link      (const char *path, const char *new_path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_symlink   (const char *path, const char *new_path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_rename    (const char *path, const char *new_path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_slurp     (const char *path, void *buf, size_t length, off_t offset, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
eio_req *eio_custom    (void (*execute)(eio_req *), int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
#endif

/*****************************************************************************/
/* groups */

eio_req *eio_grp       (eio_cb cb, void *data);
void eio_grp_feed      (eio_req *grp, void (*feed)(eio_req *req), int limit);
void eio_grp_limit     (eio_req *grp, int limit);
void eio_grp_add       (eio_req *grp, eio_req *req);
void eio_grp_cancel    (eio_req *grp); /* cancels all sub requests but not the group */

/*****************************************************************************/
/* request api */

/* true if the request was cancelled, useful in the invoke callback */