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  fetch    => { share => 'fetch'    },
  decode   => { share => 'fetch'    },
  prefer   => { share => 'prefer'   },
  extract  => { share => 'extract'  },
  patch    => { share => 'patch$'   },
  build    => { share => 'build$'   },
  test     => { share => 'test$'    },
  # Note: below special case gather_ffi for the ffi block :P
  gather   => { share => 'gather_share', system => 'gather_system', any => 'gather_share,gather_system' },
);

sub _add_modifier
{
  my($type, $stage, $sub) = @_;

  my $method = "${type}_hook";

  Carp::croak "No such stage $stage" unless defined $modifiers{$stage};
  Carp::croak "$type $stage argument must be a code reference" unless defined $sub && ref($sub) eq 'CODE';

  my $caller = caller;
  my $meta = $caller->meta;
  Carp::croak "$type $stage is not allowed in sys block" unless defined $modifiers{$stage}->{$meta->{phase}};

  $meta->add_requires('configure' => 'Alien::Build' => '1.40');

  my $suffix = $meta->{build_suffix};
  if($suffix eq '_ffi' && $stage eq 'gather')
  {
    $meta->$method('gather_ffi' => $sub);
  }

  foreach my $hook (
    map { split /,/, $_ }                        # split on , for when multiple hooks must be attached (gather in any)
    map { my $x = $_ ; $x =~ s/\$/$suffix/; $x } # substitute $ at the end for a suffix (_ffi) if any
    $modifiers{$stage}->{$meta->{phase}})        # get the list of modifiers
  {
    $meta->$method($hook => $sub);
  }

  return;
}

sub before
{
  my($stage, $sub) = @_;
  @_ = ('before', @_);
  goto &alienfile::_add_modifier;
}


sub after
{
  my($stage, $sub) = @_;
  @_ = ('after', @_);
  goto &alienfile::_add_modifier;
}

sub import
{
  strict->import;
  warnings->import;
  goto &Exporter::import;
}

1;

__END__

=pod

=encoding UTF-8

=head1 NAME

alienfile - Specification for defining an external dependency for CPAN

=head1 VERSION

version 2.84

=head1 SYNOPSIS

Do-it-yourself approach:

 use alienfile;
 
 probe [ 'pkg-config --exists libarchive' ];
 
 share {
 
   start_url 'http://libarchive.org/downloads/libarchive-3.2.2.tar.gz';
 
   # the first one which succeeds will be used
   download [ 'wget %{.meta.start_url}' ];
   download [ 'curl -o %{.meta.start_url}' ];
 
   extract [ 'tar xf %{.install.download}' ];
 
   build [
     # Note: will not work on Windows, better to use Build::Autoconf plugin
     # if you need windows support
     './configure --prefix=%{.install.prefix} --disable-shared',
     '%{make}',
     '%{make} install',
   ];
 }
 
 gather [
   [ 'pkg-config', '--modversion', 'libarchive', \'%{.runtime.version}' ],
   [ 'pkg-config', '--cflags',     'libarchive', \'%{.runtime.cflags}'  ],
   [ 'pkg-config', '--libs',       'libarchive', \'%{.runtime.libs}'    ],
 ];

With plugins (better):

 use alienfile;
 
 plugin 'PkgConfig' => 'libarchive';
 
 share {