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=head1 NAME

Bio::Tools::Phylo::PAML::Codeml - Parses output from the PAML program codeml

=head1 VERSION

version 1.7.3

=head1 SYNOPSIS

  #!/usr/bin/perl -Tw
  use strict;

  use Bio::Tools::Phylo::PAML::Codeml;

  # need to specify the output file name (or a fh) (defaults to
  # -file => "codeml.mlc"); also, optionally, the directory in which
  # the other result files (rst, 2ML.dS, etc) may be found (defaults
  # to "./")
  my $parser = new Bio::Tools::Phylo::PAML::Codeml::Parser
    (-file => "./results/mlc", -dir => "./results/");

  # get the first/next result; a Bio::[...]::Codeml::Result object
  my $result = $parser->next_result();

  # get the sequences used in the analysis; returns Bio::PrimarySeq
  # objects (OTU = Operational Taxonomic Unit).
  my @otus = $result->get_seqs();

  # codon summary: codon usage of each sequence [ arrayref of {
  # hashref of counts for each codon } for each sequence and the
  # overall sum ], and positional nucleotide distribution [ arrayref
  # of { hashref of frequencies for each nucleotide } for each
  # sequence and overall frequencies ].

  my ($codonusage, $ntdist) = $result->get_codon_summary();

  # example manipulations of $codonusage and $ntdist:
  printf "There were %d '%s' codons in the first seq (%s)\n",
    $codonusage->[0]->{AAA}, 'AAA', $otus[0]->id();
  printf "There were %d '%s' codons used in all the sequences\n",
    $codonusage->[$#{$codonusage}]->{AAA}, 'AAA';
  printf "Nucleotide '%c' was present %g of the time in seq %s\n",
    'A', $ntdist->[1]->{A}, $otus[1]->id();

  # get Nei & Gojobori dN/dS matrix:
  my $NGmatrix = $result->get_NGmatrix();

  # get ML-estimated dN/dS matrix, if calculated; this corresponds to
  # the runmode = -2, pairwise comparison usage of codeml
  my $MLmatrix = $result->get_MLmatrix();

  # These matrices are length(@otu) x length(@otu) "strict lower
  # triangle" 2D-matrices, which means that the diagonal and
  # everything above it is undefined.  Each of the defined cells is a
  # hashref of estimates for "dN", "dS", "omega" (dN/dS ratio), "t",
  # "S" and "N".  If a ML matrix, "lnL" will also be defined.  Any
  # additional ML parameters estimated by the model will be in an
  # array ref under "params"; it's up to the user to know which
  # position corresponds to which parameter (since PAML doesn't label
  # them, and we can't guess very well yet (a TODO I guess).

  printf "The omega ratio for sequences %s vs %s was: %g\n",
    $otus[0]->id, $otus[1]->id, $MLmatrix->[0]->[1]->{omega};

  # with a little work, these matrices could also be passed to
  # Bio::Tools::Run::Phylip::Neighbor, or other similar tree-building
  # method that accepts a matrix of "distances" (using the LOWTRI
  # option):
  my $distmat = [ map { [ map { $$_{omega} } @$_ ] } @$MLmatrix ];

  # for runmode's other than -2, get tree topology with estimated
  # branch lengths; returns a Bio::Tree::TreeI-based tree object with
  # added PAML parameters at each node
  my $tree = $result->get_tree();
  for my $node ($tree->get_nodes()) {
     # inspect the tree: the "t" (time) parameter is available via
     # $node->branch_length(); all other branch-specific parameters
     # ("omega", "dN", etc.) are available via $node->param('omega');
  }

  # get any general model parameters: kappa (the
  # transition/transversion ratio), NSsites model parameters ("p0",
  # "p1", "w0", "w1", etc.), etc.
  my $params = $result->get_model_params();
  printf "M1 params: p0 = %g\tp1 = %g\n", $params->{p0}, $params->{p1};

  # for NSsites models, obtain posterior probabilities for membership
  # in each class for every position; probabilities correspond to
  # classes w0, w1, ... etc.
  my @probs = $result->get_posteriors();

  # find, say, positively selected sites!
  if ($params->{w2} > 1) {
    for (my $i = 0; $i < @probs ; $i++) {
      if ($probs[$i]->[2] > 0.5) {
         # assumes model M1: three w's, w0, w1 and w2 (positive selection)
         printf "position %d: (%g prob, %g omega, %g mean w)\n",
           $i, $probs[$i]->[2], $params->{w2}, $probs[$i]->[3];
      }
    }
  } else { print "No positive selection found!\n"; }

=head1 DESCRIPTION

This module is used to parse the output from the PAML program codeml.
You can use the Bio::Tools::Run::Phylo::Phylo::PAML::Codeml module to
actually run codeml; this module is only useful to parse the output.

=head1 METHODS

=head2 new

 Title   : new
 Usage   : my $obj = new Bio::Tools::Phylo::PAML::Codeml();
 Function: Builds a new Bio::Tools::Phylo::PAML::Codeml object
 Returns : Bio::Tools::Phylo::PAML::Codeml
 Args    :

=head2 get_trees