charset results from the CPAN

App-DocKnot
        $paragraph .= $line;
    }
    if (defined($line)) {
        $paragraph .= $line;
    }
    while (defined($line = <$in_fh>) && $line =~ m{ \A \s* \z }xms) {
        $paragraph .= $line;
    }
    $self->_buffer_line($line);
    return $paragraph;
}

# Read from the input file descriptor, skipping blank lines.
sub _skip_blank_lines {
    my ($self) = @_;
    my $line;
    do {
        $line = $self->_next_line();
    } while (defined($line) && $line !~ m{ \S }xms);
    $self->_buffer_line($line);
}

# Read from the input file descriptor, skipping blank lines and rules.
sub _skip_blank_lines_and_rules {
    my ($self) = @_;
    my $line;
    do {
        $line = $self->_next_line();
    } while (defined($line) && ($line !~ m{ \S }xms || _is_rule($line)));
    $self->_buffer_line($line);
}

##############################################################################
# HTML constructors
##############################################################################

# Output the header of the HTML document.  We claim "transitional" XHTML 1.0
# compliance; we can't claim strict solely because we use the value attribute
# in <li> in the absence of widespread implementation of CSS Level 2.  Assume
# English output.
#
# $header_ref - Additional information from the headers of the text document
sub _output_header {
    my ($self, $header_ref) = @_;
    $self->_output(
        '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>', "\n",
        '<!DOCTYPE html', "\n",
        '    PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"', "\n",
        '    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">', "\n",
        "\n",
        '<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">',
        "\n",
        '<head>', "\n",
        q{  }, title($self->{title} // $header_ref->{title} // q{}), "\n",
    );
    if ($self->{style}) {
        $self->_output(q{  }, style($self->{style}), "\n");
    }
    $self->_output(
        q{  },
        '<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"',
        " />\n",
    );
    if ($self->{sitemap}) {
        if (defined($self->{output}) && defined($self->{out_path})) {
            my $page = $self->{out_path}->relative($self->{output});
            $self->_output($self->{sitemap}->links($page));
        }
    }
    $self->_output("</head>\n\n");
    if ($header_ref->{id}) {
        $self->_output(comment($header_ref->{id}), "\n");
    }

    # Add a generator comment.
    my $date = strftime('%Y-%m-%d %T -0000', gmtime());
    my $version = $App::DocKnot::VERSION;
    $self->_output(comment("Converted by DocKnot $version on $date"), "\n\n");
}

# An XML comment.
sub comment {
    my @data = @_;
    my $data = join ('', @data);
    '<!-- ' . $data . ' -->';
}

# A link to a CSS style sheet.
sub style {
    my $style = shift;
    qq(<link rel="stylesheet" href="$style" type="text/css" />);
}

# Wrap a container around data, keeping the tags on the same line.
sub container {
    my ($tag, @data) = @_;
    my $data = join ('', @data);
    $data = '<' . $tag . '>' . $data;
    $tag =~ s/ .*//;
    $data =~ s%(\s*)$%</$tag>$1%;
    $data;
}

# Output a list item.  Takes the indentation, the item, and an optional third
# argument, which if specified is the number to use for the item (using the
# value attribute, which for some reason is deprecated under HTML 4.0 without
# any viable alternative for what I use it for).
sub li {
    my ($indent, $data, $value) = @_;
    $indent = 0 unless defined $indent;
    my $output = '';
    if (@INDENT && $INDENT[0][0] eq 'li') {
        $output .= "</li>\n";
        shift @INDENT;
    }
    unshift (@INDENT, [ 'li', $indent ]);
    my $tag = defined $value ? qq(<li value="$value">\n) : "<li>\n";
    $output . $tag . $data;
}

# Wrap a container around data, preserving trailing blank lines outside and
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