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	    find "hello", "-f", "*.txt", qr/\.txt$/, sub { /\.txt$/ },
	        noenter "*small*",
	            errorenter { warn "find $_: $!" };
	
	\@noreplaced; # --> ["hello/moon.txt"]
	
	cat "hello/world.txt";       # => hello/world.txt :utf8 Hi!
	cat "hello/moon.txt";        # => noreplace
	cat "hello/big/world.txt";   # => hello/big/world.txt :utf8 Hellow!
	cat "hello/small/world.txt"; # => noenter
	
	[find "hello", "*.txt"]; # --> [qw!  hello/moon.txt  hello/world.txt  hello/big/world.txt  hello/small/world.txt  !]
	
	my @dirs;
	
	my $iter = find "hello", "-d";
	
	while(<$iter>) {
	    push @dirs, $_;
	}
	
	\@dirs; # --> [qw!  hello  hello/big hello/small  !]
	
	erase reverse find "hello";
	
	-e "hello";  # -> undef

=head1 DESCRIPTION

This module makes it easier to use the file system.

Modules C<File::Path>, C<File::Slurper> and
C<File::Find> is burdened with various features that are rarely used, but require time to become familiar with and thereby increase the barrier to entry.

C<Aion::Fs> uses the KISS programming principle - the simpler the better!

The C<IO::All> supermodule is not a competitor to C<Aion::Fs>, because uses an OOP approach, and C<Aion::Fs> is FP.

=over

=item * OOP – object-oriented programming.

=item * FP – functional programming.

=back

=head1 SUBROUTINES/METHODS

=head2 cat ($file)

Reads the file. If no parameter is specified, use C<$_>.

	cat "/etc/passwd"  # ~> root

C<cat> reads with layer C<:utf8>. But you can specify another layer like this:

	lay "unicode.txt", "↯";
	length cat "unicode.txt"            # -> 1
	length cat["unicode.txt", ":raw"]   # -> 3

C<cat> throws an exception if the I/O operation fails:

	eval { cat "A" }; $@  # ~> cat A: No such file or directory

=head3 See also

=over

=item * L<autodie> – C<< open $f, "r.txt"; $s = join "", E<lt>$fE<gt>; close $f >>.

=item * L<File::Slurp> – C<read_file('file.txt')>.

=item * L<File::Slurper> – C<read_text('file.txt')>, C<read_binary('file.txt')>.

=item * L<File::Util> – C<< File::Util-E<gt>new-E<gt>load_file(file =E<gt> 'file.txt') >>.

=item * L<IO::All> – C<< io('file.txt') E<gt> $contents >>.

=item * L<IO::Util> - C<$contents = ${ slurp 'file.txt' }>.

=item * L<Mojo::File> – C<< path($file)-E<gt>slurp >>.

=back

=head2 lay ($file?, $content)

Writes C<$content> to C<$file>.

=over

=item * If one parameter is specified, use C<$_> instead of C<$file>.

=item * C<lay>, uses the C<:utf8> layer. To specify a different layer, use an array of two elements in the C<$file> parameter:

=back

	lay "unicode.txt", "↯"  # => unicode.txt
	lay ["unicode.txt", ":raw"], "↯"  # => unicode.txt
	
	eval { lay "/", "↯" }; $@ # ~> lay /: Is a directory

=head3 See also

=over

=item * L<autodie> – C<< open $f, "E<gt>r.txt"; print $f $contents; close $f >>.

=item * L<File::Slurp> – C<write_file('file.txt', $contents)>.

=item * L<File::Slurper> – C<write_text('file.txt', $contents)>, C<write_binary('file.txt', $contents)>.

=item * L<IO::All> – C<< io('file.txt') E<lt> $contents >>.

=item * L<IO::Util> – C<slurp \$contents, 'file.txt'>.

=item * L<File::Util> – C<< File::Util-E<gt>new-E<gt>write_file(file =E<gt> 'file.txt', content =E<gt> $contents, bitmask =E<gt> 0644) >>.

=item * L<Mojo::File> – C<< path($file)-E<gt>spew($chars, 'UTF-8') >>.

=back

=head2 find (;$path, @filters)

Recursively traverses and returns paths from the specified path or paths if C<$path> is an array reference. Without parameters, uses C<$_> as C<$path>.

Filters can be:

=over

=item * By subroutine - the path to the current file is passed to C<$_>, and the subroutine must return true or false, as understood by Perl.

=item * Regexp – tests each path with a regular expression.

=item * String in the form "-Xxx", where C<Xxx> is one or more characters. Similar to Perl operators for testing files. Example: C<-fr> checks the path with file testers LLL<https://perldoc.perl.org/functions/-X>.

=item * The remaining lines are turned by the C<wildcard> function (see below) into a regular expression to test each path.

=back

Paths that fail the C<@filters> check are not returned.

If the -X filter is not a perl file function, an exception is thrown:

	eval { find "example", "-h" }; $@   # ~> Undefined subroutine &Aion::Fs::h called

In this example, C<find> cannot enter the subdirectory and passes an error to the C<errorenter> function (see below) with the C<$_> and C<$!> variables set (to the directory path and the OS error message).

B<Attention!> If C<errorenter> is not specified, then all errors are B<ignored>!

	mkpath ["example/", 0];
	
	[find "example"]                  # --> ["example"]
	[find "example", noenter "-d"]    # --> ["example"]
	
	eval { find "example", errorenter { die "find $_: $!" } }; $@   # ~> find example: Permission denied
	
	mkpath for qw!ex/1/11 ex/1/12 ex/2/21 ex/2/22!;
	
	my $count = 0;
	find "ex", sub { find_stop if ++$count == 3; 1};
	$count # -> 3

=head3 See also

=over

=item * L<AudioFile::Find> – searches for audio files in the specified directory. Allows you to filter them by attributes: title, artist, genre, album and track.

=item * L<Directory::Iterator> – C<< $it = Directory::Iterator-E<gt>new($dir, %opts); push @paths, $_ while E<lt>$itE<gt> >>.

=item * L<IO::All> – C<< @paths = map { "$_" } grep { -f $_ && $_-E<gt>size E<gt> 10*1024 } io(".")-E<gt>all(0) >>.

=item * L<IO::All::Rule> – C<< $next = IO::All::Rule-E<gt>new-E<gt>file-E<gt>size("E<gt>10k")-E<gt>iter($dir1, $dir2); push @paths, "$f" while $f = $next-E<gt>() >>.

=item * L<File::Find> – C<find( sub { push @paths, $File::Find::name if /\.png/ }, $dir )>.

=item * L<File::Find::utf8> – like L<File::Find>, only file paths are in I<utf8>.

=item * L<File::Find::Age> – sorts files by modification time (inherits L<File::Find::Rule>): C<< File::Find::Age-E<gt>in($dir1, $dir2) >>.

=item * L<File::Find::Declare> – C<< @paths = File::Find::Declare-E<gt>new({ size =E<gt> 'E<gt>10K', perms =E<gt> 'wr-wr-wr-', modified =E<gt> 'E<lt>2010-01-30', recurse =E<gt> 1, dirs =E<gt> [$dir1] })-E<gt>find >>.

=item * L<File::Find::Iterator> – has an OOP interface with an iterator and the C<imap> and C<igrep> functions.

=item * L<File::Find::Match> – calls a handler for each matching filter. Similar to C<switch>.

=item * L<File::Find::Node> – traverses the file hierarchy in parallel by several processes: C<< tie @paths, IPC::Shareable, { key =E<gt> "GLUE STRING", create =E<gt> 1 }; File::Find::Node-E<gt>new(".")-E<gt>process(sub { my $f = shift; $f-E<gt>for...

=item * L<File::Find::Fast> – C<@paths = @{ find($dir) }>.

=item * L<File::Find::Object> – has an OOP interface with an iterator.

=item * L<File::Find::Parallel> – can compare two directories and return their union, intersection and quantitative intersection.

=item * L<File::Find::Random> – selects a file or directory at random from the file hierarchy.

=item * L<File::Find::Rex> – C<< @paths = File::Find::Rex-E<gt>new(recursive =E<gt> 1, ignore_hidden =E<gt> 1)-E<gt>query($dir, qr/^b/i) >>.

=item * L<File::Find::Rule> – C<< @files = File::Find::Rule-E<gt>any( File::Find::Rule-E<gt>file-E<gt>name('*.mp3', '*.ogg')-E<gt>size('E<gt>2M'), File::Find::Rule-E<gt>empty )-E<gt>in($dir1, $dir2); >>. Has an iterator, procedural interface and ex...

=item * L<File::Find::Wanted> – C<@paths = find_wanted( sub { -f && /\.png/ }, $dir )>.

=item * L<File::Hotfolder> – C<< watch( $dir, callback =E<gt> sub { push @paths, shift } )-E<gt>loop >>. Powered by C<AnyEvent>. Customizable. There is parallelization into several processes.

=item * L<File::Mirror> – also forms a parallel path for copying files: C<recursive { my ($src, $dst) = @_; push @paths, $src } '/path/A', '/path/B'>.

=item * L<File::Set> – C<< $fs = File::Set-E<gt>new; $fs-E<gt>add($dir); @paths = map { $_-E<gt>[0] } $fs-E<gt>get_path_list >>.

=item * L<File::Wildcard> – C<< $fw = File::Wildcard-E<gt>new(exclude =E<gt> qr/.svn/, case_insensitive =E<gt> 1, sort =E<gt> 1, path =E<gt> "src///*.cpp", match =E<gt> qr(^src/(.*?)\.cpp$), derive =E<gt> ['src/$1.o','src/$1.hpp']); push @paths, $f...

=item * L<File::Wildcard::Find> – C<findbegin($dir); push @paths, $f while $f = findnext()> or C<findbegin($dir); @paths = findall()>.

=item * L<File::Util> – C<< File::Util-E<gt>new-E<gt>list_dir($dir, qw/ --pattern=\.txt$ --files-only --recurse /) >>.

=item * L<Mojo::File> – C<< say for path($path)-E<gt>list_tree({hidden =E<gt> 1, dir =E<gt> 1})-E<gt>each >>.

=item * L<Path::Find> – C<@paths = path_find( $dir, "*.png" )>. For complex queries, use I<matchable>: C<< my $sub = matchable( sub { my( $entry, $directory, $fullname, $depth ) = @_; $depth E<lt>= 3 } >>.

=item * L<Path::Extended::Dir> – C<< @paths = Path::Extended::Dir-E<gt>new($dir)-E<gt>find('*.txt') >>.

=item * L<Path::Iterator::Rule> – C<< $i = Path::Iterator::Rule-E<gt>new-E<gt>file; @paths = $i-E<gt>clone-E<gt>size("E<gt>10k")-E<gt>all(@dirs); $i-E<gt>size("E<lt>10k")... >>.

=item * L<Path::Class::Each> – C<< dir($dir)-E<gt>each(sub { push @paths, "$_" }) >>.

=item * L<Path::Class::Iterator> – C<< $i = Path::Class::Iterator-E<gt>new(root =E<gt> $dir, depth =E<gt> 2); until ($i-E<gt>done) { push @paths, $i-E<gt>next-E<gt>stringify } >>.

=item * L<Path::Class::Rule> – C<< @paths = Path::Class::Rule-E<gt>new-E<gt>file-E<gt>size("E<gt>10k")-E<gt>all($dir) >>.

=back

=head2 noenter (@filters)

Tells C<find> not to enter directories matching the filters behind it.

=head2 errorenter (&block)

Calls C<&block> for every error that occurs when a directory cannot be entered.

=head2 find_stop ()

Stops C<find> being called in one of its filters, C<errorenter> or C<noenter>.

	my $count = 0;
	find "ex", sub { find_stop if ++$count == 3; 1};
	$count # -> 3

=head2 erase (@paths)

Removes files and empty directories. Returns C<@paths>. If there is an I/O error, it throws an exception.

	eval { erase "/" }; $@  # ~> erase dir /: Device or resource busy
	eval { erase "/dev/null" }; $@  # ~> erase file /dev/null: Permission denied

=head3 See also

=over

=item * C<unlink> + C<rmdir>.

=item * L<File::Path> – C<remove_tree("dir")>.

=item * L<File::Path::Tiny> – C<File::Path::Tiny::rm($path)>. Does not throw exceptions.

=item * L<Mojo::File> – C<< path($file)-E<gt>remove >>.

=back

=head2 replace (&sub, @files)

Replaces each file with C<$_> if it is modified by C<&sub>. Returns files that have no replacements.

C<@files> can contain arrays of two elements. The first is considered as a path, and the second as a layer. The default layer is C<:utf8>.

C<&sub> is called for each file in C<@files>. It transmits:

=over

=item * C<$_> – file contents.

=item * C<$a> – path to the file.

=item * C<$b> – the layer with which the file was read and with which it will be written.

=back

In the example below, the file "replace.ex" is read by the C<:utf8> layer and written by the C<:raw> layer in the C<replace> function:

	local $_ = "replace.ex";
	lay "abc";
	replace { $b = ":utf8"; y/a/¡/ } [$_, ":raw"];
	cat  # => ¡bc

=head3 See also

=over

=item * L<File::Edit> – C<< File::Edit-E<gt>new($file)-E<gt>replace('x', 'y')-E<gt>save >>.

=item * L<File::Edit::Portable> – C<< File::Edit::Portable-E<gt>new-E<gt>splice(file =E<gt> $file, line =E<gt> 10, contens =E<gt> ["line1", "line2"]) >>.

=item * L<File::Replace> – C<< ($infh,$outfh,$repl) = replace3($file); while (E<lt>$infhE<gt>) { print $outfh "X: $_" } $repl-E<gt>finish >>.

=item * L<File::Replace::Inplace>.

=back

=head2 mkpath (;$path)

Like B<mkdir -p>, but considers the last part of the path (after the last slash) to be a filename and does not create it as a directory. Without a parameter, uses C<$_>.

=over

=item * If C<$path> is not specified, use C<$_>.

=item * If C<$path> is an array reference, then the path is used as the first element and rights as the second element.

=item * Default permissions are C<0755>.

=item * Returns C<$path>.

=back

	local $_ = ["A", 0755];
	mkpath   # => A
	
	eval { mkpath "/A/" }; $@   # ~> mkpath /A: Permission denied
	
	mkpath "A///./file";
	-d "A"  # -> 1

=head3 See also

=over

=item * L<File::Path> – C<mkpath("dir1/dir2")>.

=item * L<File::Path::Tiny> – C<File::Path::Tiny::mk($path)>. Does not throw exceptions.

=back

=head2 mtime (;$path)

Modification time of C<$path> in unixtime with fractional part (from C<Time::HiRes::stat>). Without a parameter, uses C<$_>.

Throws an exception if the file does not exist or does not have permission:

	local $_ = "nofile";
	eval { mtime }; $@  # ~> mtime nofile: No such file or directory
	
	mtime ["/"]   # ~> ^\d+(\.\d+)?$

=head3 See also

=over

=item * C<-M> – C<-M "file.txt">, C<-M _> in days from the current time.

=item * L<stat> – C<(stat "file.txt")[9]> in seconds (unixtime).

=item * L<Time::HiRes> – C<(Time::HiRes::stat "file.txt")[9]> in seconds with fractional part.

=item * L<Mojo::File> – C<< path($file)-E<gt>stat-E<gt>mtime >>.

=back

=head2 sta (;$path)

Returns statistics about the file. Without a parameter, uses C<$_>.

To be used with other file functions, it can receive a reference to an array from which it takes the first element as the file path.

Throws an exception if the file does not exist or does not have permission:

	local $_ = "nofile";
	eval { sta }; $@  # ~> sta nofile: No such file or directory
	
	sta(["/"])->{ino} # ~> ^\d+$
	sta(".")->{atime} # ~> ^\d+(\.\d+)?$

=head3 See also

=over

=item * L<Fcntl> – contains constants for mode recognition.

=item * L<BSD::stat> - optionally returns atime, ctime and mtime in nanoseconds, user flags and file generation number. Has an OOP interface.

=item * L<File::chmod> – C<chmod("o=,g-w","file1","file2")>, C<@newmodes = getchmod("+x","file1","file2")>.

=item * L<File::stat> – provides an OOP interface to stat.

=item * L<File::Stat::Bits> - similar to L<Fcntl>.

=item * L<File::stat::Extra> – extends L<File::stat> methods to obtain information about the mode, and also reloads B<-X>, B<< <=> >>, B<cmp> and B<~~> operators and is stringified.

=item * L<File::Stat::Ls> – returns the mode in the format of the ls utility.