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lib/AI/Logic/AnswerSet.pm  view on Meta::CPAN

	open FILE, ">", $file;
	print FILE "$code\n";
	close FILE;

}

sub addFacts {

	my $name = $_[0];
	my @facts = @{$_[1]};
	my $append = $_[2];
	my $filename = $_[3];
	
	open FILE, $append, $filename;

	foreach my $f (@facts) {
		print FILE "$name($f).\n";
	}
	close FILE;
}


1;
__END__

# 

=head1 NAME

AI::Logic::AnswerSet - Perl extension for embedding ASP (Answer Set Programming) programs in Perl.


=head1 SYNOPSIS

  use AI::Logic::AnswerSet;
  
  # invoke DLV( AnwerSetProgramming-based system) and save the stdoutput
  my @stdoutput = AI::Logic::AnswerSet::singleExec("3-colorability.txt");

  # parse the output
  my @res = AI::Logic::AnswerSet::getAS(@stdoutput);

  # map the results
  my @mappedAS = AI::Logic::AnswerSet::mapAS(\@res);

  # get a predicate from the results
  my @col = AI::Logic::AnswerSet::getPred(\@mappedAS,1,"col");

  # get a term of a predicate
  my @term = AI::Logic::AnswerSet::getProjection(\@mappedAS,1,"col",2);


=head1 DESCRIPTION

This extension allows to interact with DLV, an Artificial Intelligence system
for Answer Set Programming (ASP).
Please note that the DLV system must appear in the same folder of the perl program
and it must be renamed as "dlv";
DLV can be freely obtained at www.dlvsystem.com.
For further info about DLV and Answer Set Programming please start from www.dlvsystem.com.

The module was originally published as "ASPerl", but suffered from
some problems with the namespace, now changed. The module has been
also significantly rearranged according to the advices coming from the
community. Thank you all!
If you are using this module, please let us know: we are always
interested in end-users desires, and we wish to improve our library:
comments are truly welcome!

=head2 Methods

=head3 executeFromFileAndSave

This method allows to execute DLV with and input file and save the output in another file.

	AI::Logic::AnswerSet::executeFromFileAndSave("outprog.txt","dlvprog.txt","");

In this case the file "outprog.txt" consists of the result of the DLV invocation 
with the file "dlvprog.txt".
No code is specified in the third value of the method. It can be used to add code 
to an existing file or to a new one.

	AI::Logic::AnswerSet::executeFromFileAndSave("outprog.txt","dlvprog.txt",
	"b(X):-a(X). a(1).");
  
=head3 executeAndSave

To call DLV without an input file, directly writing the ASP code from the terminal, 
use this method, passing only the name of the output file.

	AI::Logic::AnswerSet::executeAndSave("outprog.txt");

Press Ctrl+D to stop using the DLV terminal and execute the program.

=head3 singleExec

Use this method to execute DLV whit several input files, including also
DLV options like "-nofacts".
The output will be stored inside an array.

	my @out = AI::Logic::AnswerSet::singleExec("3col.txt","nodes.txt","edges.txt","-nofacts");

Another way to use this method:

	my @out = AI::Logic::AnswerSet::singleExec();

In this way it will work like C<executeAndSave()> without saving the output to a file.

=head3 iterativeExec

This method allows to call multiples DLV executions for several instances of the same problem.
Suppose you have a program that calculates the 3-colorability of a graph; in this case
one might have more than a graph, and each graph instance can be stored in a different file.
A Perl programmer might want to work with the results of all the graphs she has in her files,
so this function will be useful for this purpose.
Use it like in the following:

	my @outputs = AI::Logic::AnswerSet::iterativeExec("3col.txt","nodes.txt","./instances");

In this case the nodes of each graph are the same, but not the edges.

lib/AI/Logic/AnswerSet.pm  view on Meta::CPAN

Now the functions returns the answer sets that satisfy the condition, i.e., an answer set
is returned only if the number of occurrences of the predicate "node" is higher than 4, and the number of occurrences of the predicate "edge" less than 15.

=head3 getFacts

Get the logic program facts from a file or a string.

	my @facts = AI::Logic::AnswerSet::getFacts($inputFile);

or

	my $code = "a(X):-b(X). b(1). b(2).";
	my @facts = AI::Logic::AnswerSet::getFacts($code);

DLV code can be freely exploited, with the only constraint of putting a space between rules
or facts.
This is an example of wrong input code:

	my $code = "a(X):-b(X).b(1).b(2).";

=head3 addCode

Use this method to quiclky add new code to a string or a file.

	my $code = "a(X):-b(X). b(1). b(2).";
	AI::Logic::AnswerSet::addCode($code,"b(3). b(4).");

or

	my $file = "myfile.txt";
	AI::Logic::AnswerSet::addCode($file,"b(3). b(4).");

=head3 createNewFile

Creates a new file with some code.

	AI::Logic::AnswerSet::createNewFile($file,"b(3). b(4).");

=head3 addFacts

Quiclky adds facts to a file. Imagine to have some data(representing facts) 
stored inside an array; just use this method to put them in a file and give it a name.

	AI::Logic::AnswerSet::addFacts("villagers",\@villagers,">","villagersFile.txt");

In the example above, "villagers" will be the name of the facts; C<@villagers> is the array 
containing the data; ">" is the file operator(will create a new file, in this case); 
"villagersFile.txt" is the filename. The file will contain facts of the form "villagers(X)",
for each "X", appearing in the array C<@villagers>.


=head1 SEE ALSO

www.dlvsystem.com

=head1 AUTHOR

Ferdinando Primerano, E<lt>levia@cpan.orgE<gt>
Francesco Calimeri, E<lt>calimeri@mat.unical.itE<gt>

This work started within the bachelor degree thesis program of the
Computer Science course at Department of Mathematics of the University
of Calabria.

=head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Copyright (C) 2012 by Ferdinando Primerano , Francesco Calimeri

This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the same terms as Perl itself, either Perl version 5.10.1 or,
at your option, any later version of Perl 5 you may have available.


=cut