CPANPLUS
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}
else {
delete $self->{http_proxy};
}
# https proxy
if (! exists $self->{https_proxy} ) {
$self->{https_proxy} = $ENV{https_proxy} || $ENV{HTTPS_PROXY} || $self->{proxy};
}
if ( $self->{https_proxy} ) {
$self->_split_proxy( https_proxy => $self->{https_proxy} ); # validate
$self->{_has_proxy}{https} = 1;
}
else {
delete $self->{https_proxy};
}
# Split no_proxy to array reference if not provided as such
unless ( ref $self->{no_proxy} eq 'ARRAY' ) {
$self->{no_proxy} =
(defined $self->{no_proxy}) ? [ split /\s*,\s*/, $self->{no_proxy} ] : [];
}
return;
}
#pod =method get|head|put|post|patch|delete
#pod
#pod $response = $http->get($url);
#pod $response = $http->get($url, \%options);
#pod $response = $http->head($url);
#pod
#pod These methods are shorthand for calling C<request()> for the given method. The
#pod URL must have unsafe characters escaped and international domain names encoded.
#pod See C<request()> for valid options and a description of the response.
#pod
#pod The C<success> field of the response will be true if the status code is 2XX.
#pod
#pod =cut
for my $sub_name ( qw/get head put post patch delete/ ) {
my $req_method = uc $sub_name;
no strict 'refs';
eval <<"HERE"; ## no critic
sub $sub_name {
my (\$self, \$url, \$args) = \@_;
\@_ == 2 || (\@_ == 3 && ref \$args eq 'HASH')
or _croak(q/Usage: \$http->$sub_name(URL, [HASHREF])/ . "\n");
return \$self->request('$req_method', \$url, \$args || {});
}
HERE
}
#pod =method post_form
#pod
#pod $response = $http->post_form($url, $form_data);
#pod $response = $http->post_form($url, $form_data, \%options);
#pod
#pod This method executes a C<POST> request and sends the key/value pairs from a
#pod form data hash or array reference to the given URL with a C<content-type> of
#pod C<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>. If data is provided as an array
#pod reference, the order is preserved; if provided as a hash reference, the terms
#pod are sorted by key for consistency. See documentation for the
#pod C<www_form_urlencode> method for details on the encoding.
#pod
#pod The URL must have unsafe characters escaped and international domain names
#pod encoded. See C<request()> for valid options and a description of the response.
#pod Any C<content-type> header or content in the options hashref will be ignored.
#pod
#pod The C<success> field of the response will be true if the status code is 2XX.
#pod
#pod =cut
sub post_form {
my ($self, $url, $data, $args) = @_;
(@_ == 3 || @_ == 4 && ref $args eq 'HASH')
or _croak(q/Usage: $http->post_form(URL, DATAREF, [HASHREF])/ . "\n");
my $headers = {};
while ( my ($key, $value) = each %{$args->{headers} || {}} ) {
$headers->{lc $key} = $value;
}
return $self->request('POST', $url, {
# Any existing 'headers' key in $args will be overridden with a
# normalized version below.
%$args,
content => $self->www_form_urlencode($data),
headers => {
%$headers,
'content-type' => 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
},
}
);
}
#pod =method mirror
#pod
#pod $response = $http->mirror($url, $file, \%options)
#pod if ( $response->{success} ) {
#pod print "$file is up to date\n";
#pod }
#pod
#pod Executes a C<GET> request for the URL and saves the response body to the file
#pod name provided. The URL must have unsafe characters escaped and international
#pod domain names encoded. If the file already exists, the request will include an
#pod C<If-Modified-Since> header with the modification timestamp of the file. You
#pod may specify a different C<If-Modified-Since> header yourself in the C<<
#pod $options->{headers} >> hash.
#pod
#pod The C<success> field of the response will be true if the status code is 2XX
#pod or if the status code is 304 (unmodified).
#pod
#pod If the file was modified and the server response includes a properly
#pod formatted C<Last-Modified> header, the file modification time will
#pod be updated accordingly.
#pod
#pod =cut
sub mirror {
my ($self, $url, $file, $args) = @_;
@_ == 3 || (@_ == 4 && ref $args eq 'HASH')
or _croak(q/Usage: $http->mirror(URL, FILE, [HASHREF])/ . "\n");
if ( exists $args->{headers} ) {
my $headers = {};
while ( my ($key, $value) = each %{$args->{headers} || {}} ) {
$headers->{lc $key} = $value;
}
$args->{headers} = $headers;
}
if ( -e $file and my $mtime = (stat($file))[9] ) {
$args->{headers}{'if-modified-since'} ||= $self->_http_date($mtime);
}
my $tempfile = $file . int(rand(2**31));
require Fcntl;
sysopen my $fh, $tempfile, Fcntl::O_CREAT()|Fcntl::O_EXCL()|Fcntl::O_WRONLY()
or _croak(qq/Error: Could not create temporary file $tempfile for downloading: $!\n/);
binmode $fh;
$args->{data_callback} = sub { print {$fh} $_[0] };
my $response = $self->request('GET', $url, $args);
close $fh
or _croak(qq/Error: Caught error closing temporary file $tempfile: $!\n/);
if ( $response->{success} ) {
rename $tempfile, $file
or _croak(qq/Error replacing $file with $tempfile: $!\n/);
my $lm = $response->{headers}{'last-modified'};
if ( $lm and my $mtime = $self->_parse_http_date($lm) ) {
inc/bundle/HTTP/Tiny.pm view on Meta::CPAN
}
#pod =method request
#pod
#pod $response = $http->request($method, $url);
#pod $response = $http->request($method, $url, \%options);
#pod
#pod Executes an HTTP request of the given method type ('GET', 'HEAD', 'POST',
#pod 'PUT', etc.) on the given URL. The URL must have unsafe characters escaped and
#pod international domain names encoded.
#pod
#pod B<NOTE>: Method names are B<case-sensitive> per the HTTP/1.1 specification.
#pod Don't use C<get> when you really want C<GET>. See L<LIMITATIONS> for
#pod how this applies to redirection.
#pod
#pod If the URL includes a "user:password" stanza, they will be used for Basic-style
#pod authorization headers. (Authorization headers will not be included in a
#pod redirected request.) For example:
#pod
#pod $http->request('GET', 'http://Aladdin:open sesame@example.com/');
#pod
#pod If the "user:password" stanza contains reserved characters, they must
#pod be percent-escaped:
#pod
#pod $http->request('GET', 'http://john%40example.com:password@example.com/');
#pod
#pod A hashref of options may be appended to modify the request.
#pod
#pod Valid options are:
#pod
#pod =for :list
#pod * C<headers> —
#pod A hashref containing headers to include with the request. If the value for
#pod a header is an array reference, the header will be output multiple times with
#pod each value in the array. These headers over-write any default headers.
#pod * C<content> —
#pod A scalar to include as the body of the request OR a code reference
#pod that will be called iteratively to produce the body of the request
#pod * C<trailer_callback> —
#pod A code reference that will be called if it exists to provide a hashref
#pod of trailing headers (only used with chunked transfer-encoding)
#pod * C<data_callback> —
#pod A code reference that will be called for each chunks of the response
#pod body received.
#pod * C<peer> —
#pod Override host resolution and force all connections to go only to a
#pod specific peer address, regardless of the URL of the request. This will
#pod include any redirections! This options should be used with extreme
#pod caution (e.g. debugging or very special circumstances). It can be given as
#pod either a scalar or a code reference that will receive the hostname and
#pod whose response will be taken as the address.
#pod
#pod The C<Host> header is generated from the URL in accordance with RFC 2616. It
#pod is a fatal error to specify C<Host> in the C<headers> option. Other headers
#pod may be ignored or overwritten if necessary for transport compliance.
#pod
#pod If the C<content> option is a code reference, it will be called iteratively
#pod to provide the content body of the request. It should return the empty
#pod string or undef when the iterator is exhausted.
#pod
#pod If the C<content> option is the empty string, no C<content-type> or
#pod C<content-length> headers will be generated.
#pod
#pod If the C<data_callback> option is provided, it will be called iteratively until
#pod the entire response body is received. The first argument will be a string
#pod containing a chunk of the response body, the second argument will be the
#pod in-progress response hash reference, as described below. (This allows
#pod customizing the action of the callback based on the C<status> or C<headers>
#pod received prior to the content body.)
#pod
#pod Content data in the request/response is handled as "raw bytes". Any
#pod encoding/decoding (with associated headers) are the responsibility of the
#pod caller.
#pod
#pod The C<request> method returns a hashref containing the response. The hashref
#pod will have the following keys:
#pod
#pod =for :list
#pod * C<success> —
#pod Boolean indicating whether the operation returned a 2XX status code
#pod * C<url> —
#pod URL that provided the response. This is the URL of the request unless
#pod there were redirections, in which case it is the last URL queried
#pod in a redirection chain
#pod * C<status> —
#pod The HTTP status code of the response
#pod * C<reason> —
#pod The response phrase returned by the server
#pod * C<content> —
#pod The body of the response. If the response does not have any content
#pod or if a data callback is provided to consume the response body,
#pod this will be the empty string
#pod * C<headers> —
#pod A hashref of header fields. All header field names will be normalized
#pod to be lower case. If a header is repeated, the value will be an arrayref;
#pod it will otherwise be a scalar string containing the value
#pod * C<protocol> -
#pod If this field exists, it is the protocol of the response
#pod such as HTTP/1.0 or HTTP/1.1
#pod * C<redirects>
#pod If this field exists, it is an arrayref of response hash references from
#pod redirects in the same order that redirections occurred. If it does
#pod not exist, then no redirections occurred.
#pod
#pod On an error during the execution of the request, the C<status> field will
#pod contain 599, and the C<content> field will contain the text of the error.
#pod
#pod =cut
my %idempotent = map { $_ => 1 } qw/GET HEAD PUT DELETE OPTIONS TRACE/;
sub request {
my ($self, $method, $url, $args) = @_;
@_ == 3 || (@_ == 4 && ref $args eq 'HASH')
or _croak(q/Usage: $http->request(METHOD, URL, [HASHREF])/ . "\n");
$args ||= {}; # we keep some state in this during _request
# RFC 2616 Section 8.1.4 mandates a single retry on broken socket
my $response;
for ( 0 .. 1 ) {
$response = eval { $self->_request($method, $url, $args) };
last unless $@ && $idempotent{$method}
&& $@ =~ m{^(?:Socket closed|Unexpected end|SSL read error)};
}
if (my $e = $@) {
# maybe we got a response hash thrown from somewhere deep
if ( ref $e eq 'HASH' && exists $e->{status} ) {
$e->{redirects} = delete $args->{_redirects} if @{ $args->{_redirects} || []};
return $e;
}
# otherwise, stringify it
$e = "$e";
$response = {
url => $url,
success => q{},
status => 599,
reason => 'Internal Exception',
content => $e,
headers => {
'content-type' => 'text/plain',
'content-length' => length $e,
},
( @{$args->{_redirects} || []} ? (redirects => delete $args->{_redirects}) : () ),
};
}
return $response;
}
#pod =method www_form_urlencode
#pod
#pod $params = $http->www_form_urlencode( $data );
#pod $response = $http->get("http://example.com/query?$params");
#pod
#pod This method converts the key/value pairs from a data hash or array reference
#pod into a C<x-www-form-urlencoded> string. The keys and values from the data
#pod reference will be UTF-8 encoded and escaped per RFC 3986. If a value is an
#pod array reference, the key will be repeated with each of the values of the array
#pod reference. If data is provided as a hash reference, the key/value pairs in the
#pod resulting string will be sorted by key and value for consistent ordering.
#pod
#pod =cut
sub www_form_urlencode {
my ($self, $data) = @_;
(@_ == 2 && ref $data)
or _croak(q/Usage: $http->www_form_urlencode(DATAREF)/ . "\n");
(ref $data eq 'HASH' || ref $data eq 'ARRAY')
or _croak("form data must be a hash or array reference\n");
my @params
= ref $data eq 'HASH'
? map { ($_ => $data->{$_}) } sort keys %$data
: @$data;
@params % 2 == 0
or _croak("form data reference must have an even number of terms\n");
my @terms;
while( @params ) {
my ($key, $value) = splice(@params, 0, 2);
_croak("form data keys must not be undef")
if !defined($key);
if ( ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ) {
unshift @params, map { $key => $_ } @$value;
}
else {
push @terms, join("=", map { $self->_uri_escape($_) } $key, $value);
}
}
return join("&", @terms);
}
#pod =method can_ssl
#pod
#pod $ok = HTTP::Tiny->can_ssl;
#pod ($ok, $why) = HTTP::Tiny->can_ssl;
#pod ($ok, $why) = $http->can_ssl;
#pod
#pod Indicates if SSL support is available. When called as a class object, it
#pod checks for the correct version of L<Net::SSLeay> and L<IO::Socket::SSL>.
inc/bundle/HTTP/Tiny.pm view on Meta::CPAN
host => "$request->{host}:$request->{port}",
'user-agent' => $agent,
}
};
if ( $request->{headers}{'proxy-authorization'} ) {
$connect_request->{headers}{'proxy-authorization'} =
delete $request->{headers}{'proxy-authorization'};
}
$handle->write_request($connect_request);
my $response;
do { $response = $handle->read_response_header }
until (substr($response->{status},0,1) ne '1');
# if CONNECT failed, throw the response so it will be
# returned from the original request() method;
unless (substr($response->{status},0,1) eq '2') {
die $response;
}
# tunnel established, so start SSL handshake
$handle->start_ssl( $request->{host} );
return;
}
sub _prepare_headers_and_cb {
my ($self, $request, $args, $url, $auth) = @_;
for ($self->{default_headers}, $args->{headers}) {
next unless defined;
while (my ($k, $v) = each %$_) {
$request->{headers}{lc $k} = $v;
$request->{header_case}{lc $k} = $k;
}
}
if (exists $request->{headers}{'host'}) {
die(qq/The 'Host' header must not be provided as header option\n/);
}
$request->{headers}{'host'} = $request->{host_port};
$request->{headers}{'user-agent'} ||= $self->{agent};
$request->{headers}{'connection'} = "close"
unless $self->{keep_alive};
# Some servers error on an empty-body PUT/POST without a content-length
if ( $request->{method} eq 'PUT' || $request->{method} eq 'POST' ) {
if (!defined($args->{content}) || !length($args->{content}) ) {
$request->{headers}{'content-length'} = 0;
}
}
if ( defined $args->{content} ) {
if ( ref $args->{content} eq 'CODE' ) {
if ( exists $request->{'content-length'} && $request->{'content-length'} == 0 ) {
$request->{cb} = sub { "" };
}
else {
$request->{headers}{'content-type'} ||= "application/octet-stream";
$request->{headers}{'transfer-encoding'} = 'chunked'
unless exists $request->{headers}{'content-length'}
|| $request->{headers}{'transfer-encoding'};
$request->{cb} = $args->{content};
}
}
elsif ( length $args->{content} ) {
my $content = $args->{content};
if ( $] ge '5.008' ) {
utf8::downgrade($content, 1)
or die(qq/Wide character in request message body\n/);
}
$request->{headers}{'content-type'} ||= "application/octet-stream";
$request->{headers}{'content-length'} = length $content
unless $request->{headers}{'content-length'}
|| $request->{headers}{'transfer-encoding'};
$request->{cb} = sub { substr $content, 0, length $content, '' };
}
$request->{trailer_cb} = $args->{trailer_callback}
if ref $args->{trailer_callback} eq 'CODE';
}
### If we have a cookie jar, then maybe add relevant cookies
if ( $self->{cookie_jar} ) {
my $cookies = $self->cookie_jar->cookie_header( $url );
$request->{headers}{cookie} = $cookies if length $cookies;
}
# if we have Basic auth parameters, add them
if ( length $auth && ! defined $request->{headers}{authorization} ) {
$self->_add_basic_auth_header( $request, 'authorization' => $auth );
}
return;
}
sub _add_basic_auth_header {
my ($self, $request, $header, $auth) = @_;
require MIME::Base64;
$request->{headers}{$header} =
"Basic " . MIME::Base64::encode_base64($auth, "");
return;
}
sub _prepare_data_cb {
my ($self, $response, $args) = @_;
my $data_cb = $args->{data_callback};
$response->{content} = '';
if (!$data_cb || $response->{status} !~ /^2/) {
if (defined $self->{max_size}) {
$data_cb = sub {
$_[1]->{content} .= $_[0];
die(qq/Size of response body exceeds the maximum allowed of $self->{max_size}\n/)
if length $_[1]->{content} > $self->{max_size};
};
}
else {
$data_cb = sub { $_[1]->{content} .= $_[0] };
}
}
return $data_cb;
}
sub _update_cookie_jar {
my ($self, $url, $response) = @_;
my $cookies = $response->{headers}->{'set-cookie'};
return unless defined $cookies;
my @cookies = ref $cookies ? @$cookies : $cookies;
$self->cookie_jar->add( $url, $_ ) for @cookies;
inc/bundle/HTTP/Tiny.pm view on Meta::CPAN
C<proxy> — URL of a generic proxy server for both HTTP and HTTPS connections (default is C<$ENV{all_proxy}> — if set)
=item *
C<no_proxy> — List of domain suffixes that should not be proxied. Must be a comma-separated string or an array reference. (default is C<$ENV{no_proxy}> —)
=item *
C<timeout> — Request timeout in seconds (default is 60) If a socket open, read or write takes longer than the timeout, the request response status code will be 599.
=item *
C<verify_SSL> — A boolean that indicates whether to validate the TLS/SSL certificate of an C<https> — connection (default is true). Changed from false to true in version 0.083.
=item *
C<SSL_options> — A hashref of C<SSL_*> — options to pass through to L<IO::Socket::SSL>
=item *
C<$ENV{PERL_HTTP_TINY_SSL_INSECURE_BY_DEFAULT}> - Changes the default certificate verification behavior to not check server identity if set to 1. Only effective if C<verify_SSL> is not set. Added in version 0.083.
=back
An accessor/mutator method exists for each attribute.
Passing an explicit C<undef> for C<proxy>, C<http_proxy> or C<https_proxy> will
prevent getting the corresponding proxies from the environment.
Errors during request execution will result in a pseudo-HTTP status code of 599
and a reason of "Internal Exception". The content field in the response will
contain the text of the error.
The C<keep_alive> parameter enables a persistent connection, but only to a
single destination scheme, host and port. If any connection-relevant
attributes are modified via accessor, or if the process ID or thread ID change,
the persistent connection will be dropped. If you want persistent connections
across multiple destinations, use multiple HTTP::Tiny objects.
See L</TLS/SSL SUPPORT> for more on the C<verify_SSL> and C<SSL_options>
attributes.
=head2 get|head|put|post|patch|delete
$response = $http->get($url);
$response = $http->get($url, \%options);
$response = $http->head($url);
These methods are shorthand for calling C<request()> for the given method. The
URL must have unsafe characters escaped and international domain names encoded.
See C<request()> for valid options and a description of the response.
The C<success> field of the response will be true if the status code is 2XX.
=head2 post_form
$response = $http->post_form($url, $form_data);
$response = $http->post_form($url, $form_data, \%options);
This method executes a C<POST> request and sends the key/value pairs from a
form data hash or array reference to the given URL with a C<content-type> of
C<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>. If data is provided as an array
reference, the order is preserved; if provided as a hash reference, the terms
are sorted by key for consistency. See documentation for the
C<www_form_urlencode> method for details on the encoding.
The URL must have unsafe characters escaped and international domain names
encoded. See C<request()> for valid options and a description of the response.
Any C<content-type> header or content in the options hashref will be ignored.
The C<success> field of the response will be true if the status code is 2XX.
=head2 mirror
$response = $http->mirror($url, $file, \%options)
if ( $response->{success} ) {
print "$file is up to date\n";
}
Executes a C<GET> request for the URL and saves the response body to the file
name provided. The URL must have unsafe characters escaped and international
domain names encoded. If the file already exists, the request will include an
C<If-Modified-Since> header with the modification timestamp of the file. You
may specify a different C<If-Modified-Since> header yourself in the C<<
$options->{headers} >> hash.
The C<success> field of the response will be true if the status code is 2XX
or if the status code is 304 (unmodified).
If the file was modified and the server response includes a properly
formatted C<Last-Modified> header, the file modification time will
be updated accordingly.
=head2 request
$response = $http->request($method, $url);
$response = $http->request($method, $url, \%options);
Executes an HTTP request of the given method type ('GET', 'HEAD', 'POST',
'PUT', etc.) on the given URL. The URL must have unsafe characters escaped and
international domain names encoded.
B<NOTE>: Method names are B<case-sensitive> per the HTTP/1.1 specification.
Don't use C<get> when you really want C<GET>. See L<LIMITATIONS> for
how this applies to redirection.
If the URL includes a "user:password" stanza, they will be used for Basic-style
authorization headers. (Authorization headers will not be included in a
redirected request.) For example:
$http->request('GET', 'http://Aladdin:open sesame@example.com/');
If the "user:password" stanza contains reserved characters, they must
be percent-escaped:
$http->request('GET', 'http://john%40example.com:password@example.com/');
A hashref of options may be appended to modify the request.
Valid options are:
=over 4
=item *
C<headers> — A hashref containing headers to include with the request. If the value for a header is an array reference, the header will be output multiple times with each value in the array. These headers over-write any default headers.
=item *
C<content> — A scalar to include as the body of the request OR a code reference that will be called iteratively to produce the body of the request
=item *
C<trailer_callback> — A code reference that will be called if it exists to provide a hashref of trailing headers (only used with chunked transfer-encoding)
=item *
C<data_callback> — A code reference that will be called for each chunks of the response body received.
=item *
C<peer> — Override host resolution and force all connections to go only to a specific peer address, regardless of the URL of the request. This will include any redirections! This options should be used with extreme caution (e.g. debugging or very...
=back
The C<Host> header is generated from the URL in accordance with RFC 2616. It
is a fatal error to specify C<Host> in the C<headers> option. Other headers
may be ignored or overwritten if necessary for transport compliance.
If the C<content> option is a code reference, it will be called iteratively
to provide the content body of the request. It should return the empty
string or undef when the iterator is exhausted.
If the C<content> option is the empty string, no C<content-type> or
C<content-length> headers will be generated.
If the C<data_callback> option is provided, it will be called iteratively until
the entire response body is received. The first argument will be a string
containing a chunk of the response body, the second argument will be the
in-progress response hash reference, as described below. (This allows
customizing the action of the callback based on the C<status> or C<headers>
received prior to the content body.)
Content data in the request/response is handled as "raw bytes". Any
encoding/decoding (with associated headers) are the responsibility of the
caller.
The C<request> method returns a hashref containing the response. The hashref
will have the following keys:
=over 4
=item *
C<success> — Boolean indicating whether the operation returned a 2XX status code
=item *
C<url> — URL that provided the response. This is the URL of the request unless there were redirections, in which case it is the last URL queried in a redirection chain
=item *
C<status> — The HTTP status code of the response
=item *
C<reason> — The response phrase returned by the server
=item *
C<content> — The body of the response. If the response does not have any content or if a data callback is provided to consume the response body, this will be the empty string
=item *
C<headers> — A hashref of header fields. All header field names will be normalized to be lower case. If a header is repeated, the value will be an arrayref; it will otherwise be a scalar string containing the value
=item *
C<protocol> - If this field exists, it is the protocol of the response such as HTTP/1.0 or HTTP/1.1
=item *
C<redirects> If this field exists, it is an arrayref of response hash references from redirects in the same order that redirections occurred. If it does not exist, then no redirections occurred.
=back
On an error during the execution of the request, the C<status> field will
contain 599, and the C<content> field will contain the text of the error.
=head2 www_form_urlencode
$params = $http->www_form_urlencode( $data );
$response = $http->get("http://example.com/query?$params");
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