Astro-Constants
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Collection>
<title>Astro::Constants</title>
<description>Physical constants for astronomy for use in Astro::Constants v0.14</description>
<timestamp>Sat Apr 18 10:30:23 2020</timestamp>
<version>v0.14</version>
<reference_standard>2018 CODATA</reference_standard>
<link href="http://metacpan.org/pod/Astro::Constants"/>
<items>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">SPEED_LIGHT</name>
<name type="short">A_c</name>
<alternateName>LIGHT_SPEED</alternateName>
<description>speed of light in a vacuum</description>
<value system="MKS">299792458</value>
<value system="CGS">2.99792458e10</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?c" authority="2018 CODATA" year="2019" />
<categoryList>
<category>fundamental</category>
<category>cosmology</category>
<category>electromagnetic</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">BOLTZMANN</name>
<name type="short">A_k</name>
<alternateName/>
<description>Boltzmann's constant</description>
<value system="MKS">1.380649e-23</value>
<value system="CGS">1.380649e-16</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?k" authority="2018 CODATA" year="2019" />
<categoryList>
<category>fundamental</category>
<category>electromagnetic</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">GRAVITATIONAL</name>
<name type="short">A_G</name>
<alternateName/>
<symbol>G</symbol>
<description>universal gravitational constant</description>
<value system="MKS">6.67430e-11</value>
<value system="CGS">6.67430e-8</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">2.2e-5</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?bg" authority="2018 CODATA" year="2019" />
<categoryList>
<category>fundamental</category>
<category>cosmology</category>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">ELECTRON_VOLT</name>
<name type="short">A_eV</name>
<alternateName/>
<description>electron volt</description>
<value system="MKS">1.602176634e-19</value>
<value system="CGS">1.602176634e-12</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?evj"/>
<categoryList>
<category>fundamental</category>
<category>conversion</category>
<category>electromagnetic</category>
<category>nuclear</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">PLANCK</name>
<name type="short">A_h</name>
<alternateName/>
<description>Planck constant</description>
<value system="MKS">6.62607015e-34</value>
<value system="CGS">6.62607015e-27</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?h" authority="2018 CODATA" year="2019"/>
<categoryList>
<category>fundamental</category>
<category>cosmology</category>
<category>electromagnetic</category>
<category>nuclear</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">H_BAR</name>
<name type="short">A_hbar</name>
<alternateName>HBAR</alternateName>
<description>the reduced Planck constant, Planck's constant (exact) /2pi</description>
<value system="MKS">1.0545718176763e-34</value>
<value system="CGS">1.054571817e-27</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">1.5e-9</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?hbar" authority="2018 CODATA" year="2019"/>
<categoryList>
<category>fundamental</category>
<category>cosmology</category>
<category>electromagnetic</category>
<category>nuclear</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">CHARGE_ELEMENTARY</name>
<name type="short">A_e</name>
<alternateName>ELECTRON_CHARGE</alternateName>
<description>electron charge (defined positive)</description>
<value system="MKS">1.602176634e-19</value>
<value system="CGS">4.8032046729e-10</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?e"/>
<categoryList>
<category>fundamental</category>
<category>electromagnetic</category>
<category>nuclear</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">STEFAN_BOLTZMANN</name>
<name type="short">A_sigma</name>
<alternateName/>
<symbol>
<symbolRepresentation>
<latex>\sigma</latex>
<html>&sigma;</html>
<unicode>σ</unicode>
</symbolRepresentation>
</symbol>
<description>Stefan-Boltzmann constant</description>
<value system="MKS">5.670374419e-8</value>
<value system="CGS">5.670367e-5</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">1.7e-10</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?sigma" authority="2018 CODATA" year="2019" />
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stefan%E2%80%93Boltzmann_constant"/>
<categoryList>
<category>fundamental</category>
<category>cosmology</category>
<category>electromagnetic</category>
<category>nuclear</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">DENSITY_RADIATION</name>
<name type="short">A_arad</name>
<alternateName>A_RAD</alternateName>
<description>radiation density constant, 4 * sigma / c</description>
<value system="MKS">7.565723e-16</value>
<value system="CGS">7.565723e-15</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">2.3e-6</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stefan%E2%80%93Boltzmann_constant"/>
<categoryList>
<category>fundamental</category>
<category>cosmology</category>
<category>electromagnetic</category>
<category>nuclear</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">WIEN</name>
<name type="short">A_Wien</name>
<alternateName/>
<symbol>b</symbol>
<description>Wien wavelength displacement law constant</description>
<value system="MKS">2.897771955e-3</value>
<value system="CGS">2.897771955e-1</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">1e-10</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?bwien" authority="2018 CODATA" year="2019" />
<categoryList>
<category>fundamental</category>
<category>electromagnetic</category>
<category>cosmology</category>
<category>planetary</category>
<category>nuclear</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">ALPHA</name>
<name type="short">A_alpha</name>
<alternateName/>
<symbol>
<symbolRepresentation>
<latex>\alpha</latex>
</symbolRepresentation>
</symbol>
<description>fine structure constant</description>
<value system="MKS">7.2973525693e-3</value>
<value system="CGS">7.2973525693e-3</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">1.5e-10</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?alph" authority="2018 CODATA" year="2019" />
<categoryList>
<category>fundamental</category>
<category>cosmology</category>
<category>electromagnetic</category>
<category>nuclear</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">IMPEDANCE_VACUUM</name>
<name type="short">A_Z0</name>
<alternateName>VACUUM_IMPEDANCE</alternateName>
<symbol>
<symbolRepresentation>
<latex>Z_{0}</latex>
<html>Z<sub>0</sub></html>
<unicode>Zâ‚€</unicode>
</symbolRepresentation>
</symbol>
<description>characteristic impedance of vacuum</description>
<value>376.730313461</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">1e-50</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?z0"/>
<categoryList>
<category>fundamental</category>
<category>cosmology</category>
<category>electromagnetic</category>
<category>nuclear</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">PERMITIV_FREE_SPACE</name>
<name type="short">A_eps0</name>
<alternateName>PERMITIVITY_0</alternateName>
<symbol>
<symbolRepresentation>
<latex>\varepsilon_{0}</latex>
</symbolRepresentation>
</symbol>
<description>permittivity of free space, epsilon_0, the electric constant</description>
<value system="MKS">8.8541878128e-12</value>
<value system="CGS">1</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">1.5e-10</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?ep0" authority="2018 CODATA" year="2019" />
<categoryList>
<category>fundamental</category>
<category>electromagnetic</category>
<category>nuclear</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">PERMEABL_FREE_SPACE</name>
<name type="short">A_mu0</name>
<alternateName>PERMEABILITY_0</alternateName>
<alternateName>CONSTANT_MAGNETIC</alternateName>
<symbol>
<symbolRepresentation>
<latex>\mu_{0}</latex>
</symbolRepresentation>
</symbol>
<description>permeability of free space, mu_0, the magnetic constant</description>
<value system="MKS">1.25663706212e-6</value>
<value system="CGS">1</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">1.5e-10</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?mu0" authority="2018 CODATA" year="2019"/>
<categoryList>
<category>fundamental</category>
<category>electromagnetic</category>
<category>nuclear</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">PI</name>
<name type="short">A_pi</name>
<alternateName/>
<description>trig constant pi</description>
<value>3.14159265358979324</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0.00000000000000001</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://oeis.org/search?q=id:A000796&fmt=text"/>
<categoryList>
<category>mathematical</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">FOUR_PI</name>
<name type="short">A_4pi</name>
<alternateName>FOURPI</alternateName>
<description>trig constant pi times 4 (shorthand for some calculations)</description>
<value>12.5663706143592</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0.0000000000001</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi"/>
<categoryList>
<category>mathematical</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">STERADIAN</name>
<name type="short">A_ster</name>
<alternateName/>
<description>a measure of solid angle in square degrees and a SI derived unit</description>
<value>3282.80635001174</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0.00000000000001</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steradian"/>
<categoryList>
<category>conversion</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">EXP</name>
<name type="short">A_exp</name>
<alternateName/>
<description>base of natural logarithm</description>
<value>2.71828182846</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0.00000000001</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://oeis.org/search?q=id:A001113&fmt=text"/>
<categoryList>
<category>mathematical</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">ATOMIC_MASS_UNIT</name>
<name type="short">A_amu</name>
<alternateName/>
<symbol>u</symbol>
<description>unified atomic mass unit, 1 u</description>
<value system="MKS">1.66053906660e-27</value>
<value system="CGS">1.66053906660e-24</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">3.0e-10</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?ukg" authority="2018 CODATA" year="2019" />
<categoryList>
<category>conversion</category>
<category>nuclear</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">PARSEC</name>
<name type="short">A_pc</name>
<alternateName/>
<description>parsec</description>
<value system="MKS">3.08567758149e16</value>
<value system="CGS">3.08567758149e18</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">1e-11</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsec" year="2015"/>
<categoryList>
<category>conversion</category>
<category>cosmology</category>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">ASTRONOMICAL_UNIT</name>
<name type="short">A_AU</name>
<alternateName/>
<description>astronomical unit</description>
<value system="MKS">149_597_870_700</value>
<value system="CGS">1.496e13</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/glossary/au.html" authority="IAU" />
<categoryList>
<category>conversion</category>
<category>cosmology</category>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">LIGHT_YEAR</name>
<name type="short">A_ly</name>
<alternateName/>
<description>the distance that light travels in vacuum in one Julian year</description>
<value system="MKS">9_460_730_472_580_800</value>
<value system="CGS">9.4607304725808e17</value>
<uncertainty type="defined"/>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-year"/>
<categoryList>
<category>conversion</category>
<category>cosmology</category>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">ANGSTROM</name>
<name type="short">A_AA</name>
<alternateName/>
<description>Angstrom</description>
<value system="MKS">1e-10</value>
<value system="CGS">1e-8</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angstrom"/>
<categoryList>
<category>conversion</category>
<category>electromagnetic</category>
<category>nuclear</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">JANSKY</name>
<name type="short">A_Jy</name>
<alternateName/>
<symbol>Jy</symbol>
<description>Jansky, a unit of flux density</description>
<value system="MKS">1e-26</value>
<value system="CGS">1e-23</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jansky" authority="IAU" />
<categoryList>
<category>conversion</category>
<category>cosmology</category>
<category>electromagnetic</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">AVOGADRO</name>
<name type="short">A_NA</name>
<alternateName/>
<description>Avogadro's number</description>
<value>6.02214076e23</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?na" authority="2018 CODATA" year="2019" />
<categoryList>
<category>conversion</category>
<category>nuclear</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">YEAR</name>
<name type="short">A_yr</name>
<alternateName>YEAR_JULIAN</alternateName>
<description>defined as exactly 365.25 days of 86400 SI seconds</description>
<value>31_557_600</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_year_(astronomy)"/>
<categoryList>
<category>conversion</category>
<category>cosmology</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">YEAR_TROPICAL</name>
<alternateName/>
<description>the period of time for the ecliptic longitude of the Sun to increase 360 degrees, approximated by the Gregorian calendar</description>
<value>31_556_925.1</value>
<uncertainty type="absolute">0.1</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue>31556959</maxValue>
<minValue>31556892</minValue>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_year"/>
<categoryList>
<category>conversion</category>
<category>cosmology</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">YEAR_SIDEREAL</name>
<alternateName/>
<description>the period of revolution of the Earth around the Sun in a fixed reference frame</description>
<value>31_558_149.8</value>
<uncertainty type="absolute">1</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidereal_year"/>
<categoryList>
<category>conversion</category>
<category>cosmology</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">YEAR_ANOMALISTIC</name>
<alternateName/>
<description>the period between successive passages of the Earth through perihelion</description>
<value>31_558_432.6</value>
<uncertainty type="absolute">0.1</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Year#Sidereal,_tropical,_and_anomalistic_years"/>
<categoryList>
<category>conversion</category>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">YEAR_ECLIPSE</name>
<alternateName/>
<description>the period between successive passages of the Sun (as seen from the geocenter) through the same lunar node</description>
<value>29_947_974.3</value>
<uncertainty type="absolute">0.1</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Year#Draconic_year"/>
<categoryList>
<category>conversion</category>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">MASS_SOLAR</name>
<name type="short">A_msun</name>
<alternateName>SOLAR_MASS</alternateName>
<description>solar mass</description>
<value system="MKS">1.9884e30</value>
<value system="CGS">1.9884e33</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0.0001</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_mass" authority="USNO" year="2014"/>
<categoryList>
<category>cosmology</category>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">LUMINOSITY_SOLAR</name>
<name type="short">A_Lsun</name>
<alternateName>SOLAR_LUMINOSITY</alternateName>
<description>solar luminosity</description>
<value system="MKS">3.828e26</value>
<value system="CGS">3.828e33</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0.0003</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_luminosity" authority="IAU" year="2015" />
<categoryList>
<category>cosmology</category>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">DENSITY_CRITICAL_RHOc</name>
<name type="short">A_rhoc</name>
<alternateName>RHO_C</alternateName>
<symbol>
<symbolRepresentation>
<latex>\frac{\rho_{c}{H^{2}}}</latex>
</symbolRepresentation>
</symbol>
<description>normalized critical density $\frac{\rho_{c}}{H^{2}} = \frac{3}{8 pi G}$</description>
<value system="MKS">1.7885e9</value>
<value system="CGS">1.7885e12</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">4.7e-5</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedmann_equations#Density_parameter"/>
<categoryList>
<category>cosmology</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">HUBBLE_TIME</name>
<name type="short">A_tH</name>
<alternateName/>
<description>Hubble time *h, the inverse of Hubble's constant valued at 100 km/s/Mpc (DEPRECATED - see ChangeLog)</description>
<value>3.0853056e17</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0.0000001</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url=""/>
<categoryList>
<category>cosmology</category>
</categoryList>
<deprecated version="0.11" date="2017-04-26"/>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">TEMPERATURE_CMB</name>
<name type="short">A_TCMB</name>
<alternateName>CMB_TEMPERATURE</alternateName>
<description>cosmic microwave background temperature in Kelvin</description>
<value>2.72548</value>
<uncertainty type="absolute">0.00057</uncertainty>
<uncertainty type="relative">0.0002</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmic_microwave_background" reference="Bibcode:2009ApJ...707..916F" year="2009" />
<categoryList>
<category>cosmology</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">MAGNITUDE_SOLAR_V</name>
<name type="short">A_Vsun</name>
<alternateName>SOLAR_V_MAG</alternateName>
<description>visual brightness of the Sun</description>
<value>-26.74</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0.0004</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun" year="1986"/>
<categoryList>
<category>cosmology</category>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">MAGNITUDE_SOLAR_V_ABSOLUTE</name>
<name type="short">A_MVsun</name>
<alternateName>SOLAR_V_ABS_MAG</alternateName>
<description>solar absolute V magnitude</description>
<value>4.83</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0.002</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun"/>
<categoryList>
<category>cosmology</category>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">RADIUS_SOLAR</name>
<name type="short">A_rsun</name>
<alternateName>SOLAR_RADIUS</alternateName>
<description>solar radius</description>
<value system="MKS">6.96e8</value>
<value system="CGS">6.96e10</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0.002</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://asa.usno.navy.mil/static/files/2016/Astronomical_Constants_2016.pdf"/>
<categoryList>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">MASS_EARTH</name>
<name type="short">A_mearth</name>
<alternateName>EARTH_MASS</alternateName>
<description>mass of Earth</description>
<value system="MKS">5.9722e24</value>
<value system="CGS">5.9722e27</value>
<uncertainty type="absolute">6e20</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://asa.usno.navy.mil/static/files/2016/Astronomical_Constants_2016.pdf"/>
<categoryList>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">RADIUS_EARTH</name>
<name type="short">A_rearth</name>
<alternateName>EARTH_RADIUS</alternateName>
<description>radius of Earth</description>
<value system="MKS">6.378_136_6e6</value>
<value system="CGS">6.378_136_6e8</value>
<uncertainty type="absolute">0.1</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://asa.usno.navy.mil/static/files/2016/Astronomical_Constants_2016.pdf"/>
<categoryList>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">TEMPERATURE_SOLAR_SURFACE</name>
<name type="short">A_Tsun</name>
<alternateName>SOLAR_TEMPERATURE</alternateName>
<description>surface temperature of sun (photosphere)</description>
<value>5772</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0.0002</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun" authority="NASA" year="2010"/>
<categoryList>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">DENSITY_SOLAR</name>
<name type="short">A_dsun</name>
<alternateName>SOLAR_DENSITY</alternateName>
<description>mean solar density</description>
<value system="MKS">1408</value>
<value system="CGS">1.408</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0.001</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun" authority="NASA" year="2010"/>
<categoryList>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">DENSITY_EARTH</name>
<name type="short">A_dearth</name>
<alternateName>EARTH_DENSITY</alternateName>
<description>mean Earth density</description>
<value system="MKS">5515</value>
<value system="CGS">5.515</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0.0002</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/sunfact.html" authority="NASA" year="2010"/>
<categoryList>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">GRAVITY_SOLAR</name>
<name type="short">A_gsun</name>
<alternateName>SOLAR_GRAVITY</alternateName>
<description>solar surface gravity</description>
<value system="MKS">274.78</value>
<value system="CGS">27478</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0.0004</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_gravity"/>
<categoryList>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">GRAVITY_EARTH</name>
<name type="short">A_gearth</name>
<alternateName>EARTH_GRAVITY</alternateName>
<description>Earth surface gravity</description>
<value system="MKS">9.80665</value>
<value system="CGS">980.665</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0.000001</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_gravity" authority="ISO 80000" year="2019"/>
<categoryList>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">RADIUS_LUNAR</name>
<name type="short">A_rmoon</name>
<alternateName>LUNAR_RADIUS</alternateName>
<description>lunar radius</description>
<value system="MKS">1.7381e6</value>
<value system="CGS">1.7381e8</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">6e-5</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/moonfact.html" authority="NASA" year="2020"/>
<categoryList>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">MASS_LUNAR</name>
<name type="short">A_mmoon</name>
<alternateName>LUNAR_MASS</alternateName>
<description>lunar mass</description>
<value system="MKS">7.346e22</value>
<value system="CGS">7.346e25</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0.0002</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/moonfact.html" authority="NASA" year="2020"/>
<categoryList>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">AXIS_SM_LUNAR</name>
<name type="short">A_amoon</name>
<alternateName>LUNAR_SM_AXIS</alternateName>
<description>lunar orbital semi-major axis</description>
<value system="MKS">3.84402e8</value>
<value system="CGS">3.84402e10</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">3e-9</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_distance_(astronomy)" reference="Bibcode:2009PASP..121...29B" year="2009"/>
<categoryList>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">ECCENTRICITY_LUNAR</name>
<name type="short">A_emoon</name>
<alternateName>LUNAR_ECCENTRICITY</alternateName>
<description>lunar orbital eccentricity</description>
<value>0.0549</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">0.002</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbit_of_the_Moon"/>
<categoryList>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">THOMSON_CROSS_SECTION</name>
<name type="short">A_sigmaT</name>
<alternateName>THOMSON_XSECTION</alternateName>
<symbol>
<symbolRepresentation>
<latex>\sigma_{e}</latex>
</symbolRepresentation>
</symbol>
<description>Thomson cross-section</description>
<value system="MKS">6.6524587321e-29</value>
<value system="CGS">6.6524587321e-25</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">9.1e-10</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?sigmae" authority="2018 CODATA" year="2019" />
<categoryList>
<category>electromagnetic</category>
<category>nuclear</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">MASS_ELECTRON</name>
<name type="short">A_me</name>
<alternateName>ELECTRON_MASS</alternateName>
<description>mass of electron</description>
<value system="MKS">9.1093837015e-31</value>
<value system="CGS">9.1093837015e-28</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">3e-10</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?me" authority="2018 CODATA" year="2019"/>
<categoryList>
<category>electromagnetic</category>
<category>nuclear</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">MASS_PROTON</name>
<name type="short">A_mp</name>
<alternateName>PROTON_MASS</alternateName>
<description>mass of proton</description>
<value system="MKS">1.67262192369e-27</value>
<value system="CGS">1.67262192369e-24</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">3.1e-10</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?mp" authority="2018 CODATA" year="2019" />
<categoryList>
<category>nuclear</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">MASS_NEUTRON</name>
<name type="short">A_mn</name>
<alternateName>NEUTRON_MASS</alternateName>
<description>neutron mass</description>
<value system="MKS">1.67492749804e-27</value>
<value system="CGS">1.67492749804e-24</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">5.7e-10</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?mn" authority="2018 CODATA" year="2019" />
<categoryList>
<category>nuclear</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">MASS_HYDROGEN</name>
<name type="short">A_mH</name>
<alternateName>HYDROGEN_MASS</alternateName>
<description>mass of Hydrogen atom --
This value is from the IUPAC and is a little smaller than MASS_PROTON + MASS_ELECTRON, but within the uncertainty given here. The current value is 1.008u +/- 0.0002 derived from a range of terrestrial materials. If this is for precision work, you h...
</description>
<value>1.6738e-27</value>
<uncertainty type="absolute">3.3e-31</uncertainty>
<uncertainty type="relative">0.0002</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/j/pac.2016.88.issue-3/pac-2015-0305/pac-2015-0305.pdf" authority="IUPAC" />
<categoryList>
<category>nuclear</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">MASS_ALPHA</name>
<name type="short">A_ma</name>
<symbol>
<symbolRepresentation>
<latex>m_{\alpha}</latex>
</symbolRepresentation>
</symbol>
<description>mass of alpha particle</description>
<value>6.6446573357e-27</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">3.0e-10</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?mal" authority="2018 CODATA" year="2019" />
<categoryList>
<category>nuclear</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">RADIUS_ELECTRON</name>
<name type="short">A_re</name>
<alternateName>ELECTRON_RADIUS</alternateName>
<symbol>
<symbolRepresentation>
<latex>r_{e}</latex>
</symbolRepresentation>
</symbol>
<description>classical electron radius</description>
<value system="MKS">2.8179403262e-15</value>
<value system="CGS">2.8179403262e-13</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">4.5e-10</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?re" authority="2018 CODATA" year="2019" />
<categoryList>
<category>nuclear</category>
<category>electromagnetic</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">RADIUS_BOHR</name>
<name type="short">A_a0</name>
<alternateName>BOHR_RADIUS</alternateName>
<symbol>
<symbolRepresentation>
<latex>a_{0}</latex>
</symbolRepresentation>
</symbol>
<description>Bohr radius</description>
<value system="MKS">5.29177210903e-11</value>
<value system="CGS">5.29177210903e-9</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">1.5e-10</uncertainty>
<dimensions/>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?bohrrada0" authority="2018 CODATA" year="2019" />
<categoryList>
<category>electromagnetic</category>
<category>nuclear</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">RADIUS_JUPITER</name>
<name type="short">A_rjup</name>
<description>Volumetric mean radius of Jupiter</description>
<value system="MKS">69_911_000</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">1.5e-5</uncertainty>
<dimensions>length</dimensions>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/jupiterfact.html"/>
<categoryList>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
<PhysicalConstant>
<name type="long">MASS_JUPITER</name>
<name type="short">A_mjup</name>
<description>mass of Jupiter</description>
<value system="MKS">1.89819e27</value>
<uncertainty type="relative">5e-6</uncertainty>
<dimensions>mass</dimensions>
<maxValue/>
<minValue/>
<source url="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/jupiterfact.html"/>
<categoryList>
<category>planetary</category>
</categoryList>
</PhysicalConstant>
</items>
</Collection>
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