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<p><a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/cpanfile">Cpanfile</a> is a format for describing CPAN dependencies for Perl applications.</p>

<p>With <code>cpanfile</code>, we can list the modules we need, but we can also force the minimal versions of the modules, their maximum versions… or say &quot;I want this exact version of that module&quot;.</p>

<p>But we can also list optional modules: you can support different databases, but users shouldn’t have to install MySQL-related modules if they want to use PostgreSQL.</p>

<p>Here’s an example of <code>cpanfile</code>:</p>

<pre><code># Do not ask for a specific version
requires &#39;DateTime&#39;;
# Ask a specific version
requires &#39;Plack&#39;, &#39;== 1.0&#39;;
# Ask a minimal version
requires &#39;Net::DNS&#39;, &#39;&gt;= 1.12&#39;;
# Or
requires &#39;Net::DNS&#39;, &#39;1.12&#39;;
# Ask a maximal version
requires &#39;Locale::Maketext&#39;, &#39;&lt; 1.28&#39;;
# Give a range
requires &#39;Mojolicious&#39;, &#39;&gt;= 7.0, &lt; 8.0&#39;;